Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30673769›Full record

SynthesisPloS one2019

Health effects of micronutrient fortified dairy products and cereal food for children and adolescents: A systematic review.

Klaus Eichler, Sascha Hess, Claudia Twerenbold, Magalie Sabatier, Flurina Meier, Simon Wieser

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05103709 (Effect of Multiple Micronutrient Fortified Bread Consumption on Iron Deficiency Anemia in Women of Reproductive Age), which is not on this map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05103709 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

Effect of Multiple Micronutrient Fortified Bread Consumption on Iron Deficiency Anemia in Women of Reproductive Age: A Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversidad Peruana Cayetano HerediaRan2021 to 2022Enrolled351ConditionsIron Deficiency AnemiaArmsMULTI-FORTIFIED, FORTIFIED
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Current calcium fortification experiences: a review.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2021
    Review
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Klaus EichlerWinterthur Institute of Health Economics, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-6384-8223
Sascha HessWinterthur Institute of Health Economics, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland.
Claudia TwerenboldWinterthur Institute of Health Economics, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland.
Magalie SabatierNestlé Research Center, Public Health Department, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Flurina MeierWinterthur Institute of Health Economics, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland.
Simon WieserWinterthur Institute of Health Economics, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland.
ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences · CHNestlé (Switzerland) · CH

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionMicronutrient (MN) deficiencies cause a considerable burden of disease for children in many countries. Dairy products or cereals are an important food component during adolescence. Fortification of dairy products or cereals with MN may be an effective strategy to overcome MN deficiencies, but their specific impact on health in this age group is poorly documented.

methodsWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis (registration number CRD42016039554) to assess the impact of MN fortified dairy products and cereal food on the health of children and adolescents (aged 5-15 years) compared with non-fortified food. We reviewed randomised controlled trials (RCT) using electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane library; latest search: January 2018), reference list screening and citation searches. Three pairs of reviewers assessed 2048 studies for eligibility and extracted data. We assessed the risk of bias and applied GRADE to rate quality of evidence.

resultsWe included 24 RCT (often multi MN fortification) with 30 pair-wise comparisons mainly from low- and middle income countries. A very small and non-significant increase of haemoglobin values emerged (0.09 g/dl [95%-CI: -0.01 to 0.18]; 13 RCT with iron fortification; very low quality of evidence). No significant difference was found on anaemia risk (risk ratio 0.87 [95%-CI: 0.76 to 1.01]; 12 RCT; very low quality), but a significant difference in iron deficiency anaemia favouring fortified food was found (risk ratio 0.38 [95%-CI: 0.18 to 0.81]; 5 RCT; very low quality). Similar effects were seen for fortified dairy products and cereals and different fortification strategies (mono- vs. dual- vs. multi-MN). Follow-up periods were often short and the impact on anthropometric measures was weak (low quality of evidence) Very low quality of evidence emerged for the improvement of cognitive performance, functional measures and morbidity.

conclusionsFortification of dairy products and cereal food had only marginal health effects in our sample population from 5-15 years. Further evidence is needed to better understand the health impact of fortified dairy products and cereals in this age group. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: The study protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) on 26 May 2016 (registration number CRD42016039554).

Indexed as

Dairy ProductsEdible GrainFood, FortifiedAdolescentAdolescent Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaAnemia, Iron-DeficiencyBody CompositionChildChild Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaChild, PreschoolCognitionFemaleHemoglobinsHumansMaleMicronutrientsHemoglobinsMicronutrients

Identifiers

PMID30673769
PMCPMC6343890
OpenAlexW2912795900

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.