Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30672991›Full record

SynthesisDental press journal of orthodontics

Global distribution of malocclusion traits: A systematic review.

Maged Sultan Alhammadi, Esam Halboub, Mona Salah Fayed, Amr Labib, Chrestina El-Saaidi

Erratum issued 2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · diamondAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Dental press journal of orthodontics. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 220 papers, 14 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
220citing papers in PubMed, 14 pooled it
18.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05993156 naunknown statusnot on this map

Effects of Modified Fixed Twin Block Versus Removable Twin Block on Skeletal Class 2 Growing Patients With Mandibular Deficiency

TypeinterventionalSponsorCairo UniversityRan2022 to 2023Enrolled24ConditionsMalocclusion, Angle Class II, Mandible SmallArmsmodified Fixed twinblock, removable twin block
NCT06402045 not yet recruitingnot on this map

Assessment of the Occlusal Characteristics and Orthodontic Treatment Needs for Egyptian Children( 6-12)Years Old

TypeobservationalSponsorSalma Hassan Widatalla OmarRan2025 to 2025Enrolled70ConditionsOcclusion
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

220 citing papers in PubMed, 14 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 456 citations in OpenAlex.

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160 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 5 countries.

Maged Sultan AlhammadiJazan University, College of Dentistry, Department of Preventive Sciences, Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (Jazan, Saudi Arabia).ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1402-0470
Esam HalboubJazan University, College of Dentistry, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences (Jazan, Saudi Arabia).ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1894-470X
Mona Salah FayedCairo University, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (Cairo, Egypt).ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8124-6587
Amr LabibCairo University, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (Cairo, Egypt).ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1387-9571
Chrestina El-SaaidiKyoto University, Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Global Health and Socio-epidemiology (Kyoto, Japan).ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3993-9029
Cairo University · EGIbb University · YEJazan University · SAKyoto University · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveConsidering that the available studies on prevalence of malocclusions are local or national-based, this study aimed to pool data to determine the distribution of malocclusion traits worldwide in mixed and permanent dentitions.

methodsAn electronic search was conducted using PubMed, Embase and Google Scholar search engines, to retrieve data on malocclusion prevalence for both mixed and permanent dentitions, up to December 2016.

resultsOut of 2,977 retrieved studies, 53 were included. In permanent dentition, the global distributions of Class I, Class II, and Class III malocclusion were 74.7% [31 - 97%], 19.56% [2 - 63%] and 5.93% [1 - 20%], respectively. In mixed dentition, the distributions of these malocclusions were 73% [40 - 96%], 23% [2 - 58%] and 4% [0.7 - 13%]. Regarding vertical malocclusions, the observed deep overbite and open bite were 21.98% and 4.93%, respectively. Posterior crossbite affected 9.39% of the sample. Africans showed the highest prevalence of Class I and open bite in permanent dentition (89% and 8%, respectively), and in mixed dentition (93% and 10%, respectively), while Caucasians showed the highest prevalence of Class II in permanent dentition (23%) and mixed dentition (26%). Class III malocclusion in mixed dentition was highly prevalent among Mongoloids.

conclusionWorldwide, in mixed and permanent dentitions, Angle Class I malocclusion is more prevalent than Class II, specifically among Africans; the least prevalent was Class III, although higher among Mongoloids in mixed dentition. In vertical dimension, open bite was highest among Mongoloids in mixed dentition. Posterior crossbite was more prevalent in permanent dentition in Europe.

Indexed as

Databases, FactualDental Occlusion, TraumaticDentition, MixedDentition, PermanentFemaleGeographyGlobal HealthHumansMaleMalocclusionMalocclusion, Angle Class IMalocclusion, Angle Class IIMalocclusion, Angle Class IIIOpen BitePopulationPrevalence

Identifiers

PMID30672991
PMCPMC6340198
OpenAlexW2911812005

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.