ReviewFrontiers in endocrinology2018
Interleukin-6 Interweaves the Bone Marrow Microenvironment, Bone Loss, and Multiple Myeloma.
Review in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 185 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
185 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 291 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of remote ischaemic conditioning in fracture healing and orthopaedic surgery-a systematic review and narrative synthesis.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Pooled it
- C-reactive protein and fracture risk: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies through the use of both frequentist and Bayesian approaches.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2021Pooled it
- Impact of Visceral Obesity on Clinical Outcome and Quality of Life for Patients with Multiple Myeloma: A Secondary Data Analysis of STaMINA (BMT CTN 0702) Trial.Transplantation and cellular therapy · 2024Trial
- Long-Term Selenium-Yeast Supplementation Does Not Affect Bone Turnover Markers: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2022Trial
- Therapeutic inhibition of myeloperoxidase with AZD5904 attenuates disease progression in mouse models of early stage and relapsed multiple myeloma.Haematologica · 2026Article
- Routine Laboratory-Based Machine Learning for Discriminating Multiple Myeloma from Clinical Mimickers: Development and Internal Validation of a Diagnostic Prediction Model.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
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- Repeated head impacts establish a senescent cranial bone marrow niche that impairs brain metabolism.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Macrophage polarization-related genes with potential causal roles in osteoporosis: a multi-omics Mendelian randomization study.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2026Article
- From complexity to clarity: aging bone marrow niche in bone and blood regeneration and malignancy.Bone research · 2026Review
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- Positive correlation between IL-6 levels and lumbar bone mineral density in menopausal women diagnosed with osteoporosis in comparison to menopausal women without osteoporosis.BMC research notes · 2026Article
- Emerging pathogenetic mechanisms in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: the role of inflammation and gut microbiota.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2026Review
- Imeglimin Exerts Anti-Tumor Activity in Multiple Myeloma Through Affecting Energy Metabolism and Downregulating IL-16 Expression.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- In vitro characterization of osteoblasts from craniofacial fibrous dysplasia of bone and their impact on bone homeostasis.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2026Article
- BioMarrow: An accessible and reproducible 3D patient-derived bone marrow model for advancing research and clinical applications.Translational oncology · 2026Article
- IL-6 as a driver of bone invasion in IFIT2-depleted oral squamous cell carcinoma.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- Material-dependent effects of injectable platelet rich-fibrin on growth factor release, inflammation, and osteoclast activity: an in vitro study.BMC oral health · 2026Article
125 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The immune system is strongly linked to the maintenance of healthy bone. Inflammatory cytokines, specifically, are crucial to skeletal homeostasis and any dysregulation can result in detrimental health complications. Interleukins, such as interleukin 6 (IL-6), act as osteoclast differentiation modulators and as such, must be carefully monitored and regulated. IL-6 encourages osteoclastogenesis when bound to progenitors and can cause excessive osteoclastic activity and osteolysis when overly abundant. Numerous bone diseases are tied to IL-6 overexpression, including rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, and bone-metastatic cancers. In the latter, IL-6 can be released with growth factors into the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) during osteolysis from bone matrix or from cancer cells and osteoblasts in an inflammatory response to cancer cells. Thus, IL-6 helps create an ideal microenvironment for oncogenesis and metastasis. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a blood cancer that homes to the BMM and is strongly tied to overexpression of IL-6 and bone loss. The roles of IL-6 in the progression of MM are discussed in this review, including roles in bone homing, cancer-associated bone loss, disease progression and drug resistance. MM disease progression often includes the development of drug-resistant clones, and patients commonly struggle with reoccurrence. As such, therapeutics that specifically target the microenvironment, rather than the cancer itself, are ideal and IL-6, and its myriad of downstream signaling partners, are model targets. Lastly, current and potential therapeutic interventions involving IL-6 and connected signaling molecules are discussed in this review.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.