ReviewFrontiers in neurology2018
PPI Long Term Use: Risk of Neurological Adverse Events?
Review in Frontiers in neurology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Causal relationship between proton pump inhibitors and dementia risk: evidence from a Mendelian randomization study.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2025Article
- Gallic acid alleviates omeprazole-induced depressive behavior and memory impairment.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Article
- Effects of the Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation System on Heartburn, Regurgitation and Esophageal Acid Exposure in GERD Patients-An Uncontrolled Feasibility Study.Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2025Article
- Pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, interactions with other drugs, toxicity and clinical effectiveness of proton pump inhibitors.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Neurological Manifestations Associated With Hypomagnesemia Due to Proton-Pump Inhibitors: A Case Series.Cureus · 2025Article
- Linking GERD and the Peptide Bombesin: A New Therapeutic Strategy to Modulate Inflammatory, Oxidative Stress and Clinical Biochemistry Parameters.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Proton Pump Inhibitors and Cognitive Health: Review on Unraveling the Dementia Connection and Co-morbid Risks.Current Alzheimer research · 2024Review
- Review
- Exposure to proton pump inhibitors and risk of diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.World journal of diabetes · 2023Article
- Associations between constipation, overeating, and depression: A survey of Chinese oldest-old and centenarians.Heliyon · 2022Article
- Association of suicidal ideation and depression with the use of proton pump inhibitors in adults: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Managements of sleep bruxism in adult: A systematic review.The Japanese dental science review · 2022Review
- Association between Urolithiasis and History Proton Pump Inhibitor Medication: A Nested Case-Control Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Proton pump inhibitors are associated with incident type 2 diabetes mellitus in a prospective population-based cohort study.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2022Article
- Article
- Mechanistic Link between Vitamin B12 and Alzheimer's Disease.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- When No Treatment Is the Treatment: Mental Illness-Related Case Report.The Canadian journal of hospital pharmacy · 2022Article
- Effect of the transcutaneous electrical stimulation system on esophageal-acid exposure in patients non-responsive to once-daily proton-pump inhibitor: proof-of-concept study.Gastroenterology report · 2021Article
- Prescription Habits Related to Chronic Pathologies of Elderly People in Primary Care in the Western Part of Romania: Current Practices, International Recommendations, and Future Perspectives Regarding the Overuse and Misuse of Medicines.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- How can proton pump inhibitors damage central and peripheral nervous systems?Neural regeneration research · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The purpose of this review study is to reveal a potential threat of one type of such widely used and freely distributed drugs, which are proton pump inhibitors that might be the cause of the onset of both dementia and depression. The authors performed a literature review of available studies on the research topic describing the adverse effect of proton pum inhibitors (PPIs) (omeprazole, esomeprazole, lansoprazole, dexlansoprazole, rabeprazole, pantoprazole, dexrabeprazole, ilaprazole). For a long time, PPIs were considered to be completely safe drug substances for both short and long-term use. In recent years, there have been a few contradictory studis of absolute safety, especially in patients, who have long been using PPIs. At this time when depression and dementia are rising in the population, this is a very worrying fact that needs to be highlighted, and which needs to be carefully studied and evaluated, ideally trying to prevent it. The findings of most research studies described in this review indicate that there is a direct association between the onset of dementia and depression on one side and the long-term use of PPIs on the other.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.