ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2018
Effect of Sodium-Glucose Co-transporter 2 Inhibitors on Bone Metabolism and Fracture Risk.
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- SGLT2 inhibitors and nephrolithiasis risk: a meta-analysis.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on bone metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC endocrine disorders · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on fractures, BMD, and bone metabolism markers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2023Pooled it
- The Extraglycemic Effect of SGLT-2is on Mineral and Bone Metabolism and Bone Fracture.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Glucose-Lowering Drugs and Fracture Risk-a Systematic Review.Current osteoporosis reports · 2020Pooled it
- Effects of Evogliptin and Dapagliflozin on Bone and Glucose Metabolism in Postmenopausal Women with Type 2 Diabetes: A Multicenter Randomized Exploratory Clinical Trial.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Trial
- Liver function markers predict cardiovascular and renal outcomes in the CANVAS Program.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2022Trial
- Empagliflozin and Decreased Risk of Nephrolithiasis: A Potential New Role for SGLT2 Inhibition?The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Trial
- Safety of Liraglutide in Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2020Trial
- SGLT2 Inhibitors: Dual Effects on Erythropoiesis and Bone Metabolism.Journal of bone metabolism · 2026Review
- Osteoporosis risk with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors versus thiazolidinediones in older women with diabetes.Journal of bone and mineral metabolism · 2026Article
- Managing Bone Fragility in Older Adults with Diabetes: Pathophysiology, Assessment, and Therapeutic Considerations.Drugs & aging · 2026Review
- Bone health and fracture risk in diabetes: A multicenter study.Archives of osteoporosis · 2026Article
- Association between SGLT2 inhibitor use and the risk of vertebral augmentation after initial osteoporotic vertebral fracture in patients with type 2 diabetes.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026Article
- Underlying Mechanisms of Osteoporosis in the Context of Multimorbidity: Clinical Challenges and Management Strategies.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Diabetic bone fragility through advanced glycation end product-collagen axis: Mechanisms and therapy of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors.World journal of diabetes · 2025Review
- Evaluation of bone health and fracture risk in type 2 diabetes: a network meta-analysis of anti-diabetic treatments versus placebo.Archives of pharmacal research · 2025Article
- Effect of platelet-rich plasma combined with simvastatin in the treatment of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Is the Impact of Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors on Bone Metabolism and Fracture Incidence a Class or Drug Effect? A Narrative Review.Medicines (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The effect of anti-diabetic medications on bone metabolism has received increasing attention, considering that type 2 diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disorder with adverse effects on bone metabolism. Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are novel anti-diabetic medications that prevent glucose resorption at the proximal convoluted tubules in the kidney, increasing urinary glucose excretion, and decreasing the blood glucose level. The superiority of SGLT2 inhibitors shows in reducing the glucose level independent of insulin secretion, lowering the risk of hypoglycemia, and improving cardiovascular outcomes. SGLT2 inhibitors have been associated with genital mycotic infections, increased risk of acute kidney injury, dehydration, orthostatic hypotension, and ketoacidosis. Moreover, the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on bone metabolism and fracture risk has been widely taken into consideration. Our review summarizes the results of current studies investigating the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on bone metabolism (possibly including increased bone turnover, disrupted bone microarchitecture, and reduced bone mineral density). Several mechanisms are probably involved, such as bone mineral losses due to the disturbed calcium and phosphate homeostasis, as confirmed by an increase in fibroblast growth factor 23 and parathyroid hormone levels and a decrease in 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels. SGLT2 inhibitors might indirectly increase bone turnover by weight loss. Lowering the blood glucose level might ameliorate bone metabolism impairment in diabetes. The effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on bone fractures remains unclear. Evidence indicating the direct effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on fracture risk is lacking and increased falls probably contribute to fractures.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.