ArticleHeredity2019
Conserved sex chromosomes and karyotype evolution in monitor lizards (Varanidae).
Article in Heredity, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of unbalanced segmental duplication in sex chromosome evolution in Australian ridge-tailed goannas.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Natural repeated backcrosses lead to triploidy and tetraploidy in parthenogenetic butterfly lizards (Leiolepis: Agamidae).Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Lack of Dosage Balance and Incomplete Dosage Compensation in the ZZ/ZW Gila Monster (Heloderma suspectum) Revealed by De Novo Genome Assembly.Genome biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Turnover of sex chromosomes in the Lake Tanganyika cichlid tribe Tropheini (Teleostei: Cichlidae).Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Fixed Allele Differences Associated With the Centromere Reveal Chromosome Morphology and Rearrangements in a Reptile (Varanus acanthurus BOULENGER).Molecular biology and evolution · 2023Article
- Incomplete dosage balance and dosage compensation in the ZZ/ZW Gila monster (bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- High-density linkage maps and chromosome level genome assemblies unveil direction and frequency of extensive structural rearrangements in wood white butterflies (Leptidea spp.).Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biology · 2023Article
- Madagascar Leaf-Tail Geckos (Cells · 2023Article
- Diversity of reptile sex chromosome evolution revealed by cytogenetic and linked-read sequencing.Zoological research · 2022Article
- Sex Determination in Immature Sierra Nevada Lizard (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Review
- Sex chromosome evolution among amniotes: is the origin of sex chromosomes non-random?Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021Article
- A brief review of vertebrate sex evolution with a pledge for integrative research: towards 'Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021Review
- A 180 Myr-old female-specific genome region in sturgeon reveals the oldest known vertebrate sex determining system with undifferentiated sex chromosomes.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021Article
- Review
- Are Geckos Special in Sex Determination? Independently Evolved Differentiated ZZ/ZW Sex Chromosomes in Carphodactylid Geckos.Genome biology and evolution · 2021Article
- Cytogenetic Evidence for Sex Chromosomes and Karyotype Evolution in Anguimorphan Lizards.Cells · 2021Article
- Differences in Homomorphic Sex Chromosomes Are Associated with Population Divergence in Sex Determination inCells · 2021Article
- Poorly differentiated XX/XY sex chromosomes are widely shared across skink radiation.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Despite their long history with the basal split dating back to the Eocene, all species of monitor lizards (family Varanidae) studied so far share the same chromosome number of 2n = 40. However, there are differences in the morphology of the macrochromosome pairs 5-8. Further, sex determination, which revealed ZZ/ZW sex microchromosomes, was studied only in a few varanid species and only with techniques that did not test their homology. The aim of this study was to (i) test if cryptic interchromosomal rearrangements of larger chromosomal blocks occurred during the karyotype evolution of this group, (ii) contribute to the reconstruction of the varanid ancestral karyotype, and (iii) test homology of sex chromosomes among varanids. We investigated these issues by hybridizing flow sorted chromosome paints from Varanus komodoensis to metaphases of nine species of monitor lizards. The results show that differences in the morphology of the chromosome pairs 5-8 can be attributed to intrachromosomal rearrangements, which led to transitions between acrocentric and metacentric chromosomes in both directions. We also documented the first case of spontaneous triploidy among varanids in Varanus albigularis. The triploid individual was fully grown, which demonstrates that polyploidization is compatible with life in this lineage. We found that the W chromosome differs between species in size and heterochromatin content. The varanid Z chromosome is clearly conserved in all the analyzed species. Varanids, in addition to iguanas, caenophidian snakes, and lacertid lizards, are another squamate group with highly conserved sex chromosomes over a long evolutionary time.
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