ReviewNature reviews. Endocrinology2019
Gut microbial metabolites in obesity, NAFLD and T2DM.
Review in Nature reviews. Endocrinology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 801 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Dietary Interventions in Overweight and Obese Patients
Using a Complex Carbohydrate Mixture Added to a High-protein Diet to Steer Fermentation and Improve Metabolic, Gut and Brain Health
Who cites it
801 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,406 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of dietary interventions on gut microbiota and related cardiometabolic changes in pediatric obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Pediatric research · 2026Pooled it
- Heart-Gut Axis in Cardiometabolic Disease: Microbiome-Mediated Pathways Linking Metabolic Syndrome to Cardiovascular Risk.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Pooled it
- High-protein diets and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: A double-edged sword in liver health.World journal of gastroenterology · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Changes in short-chain fatty acids across the glycemic spectrum: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Trial
- Gut microbial diversity at baseline conditions the clinical, microbiome, and metabolic response to paraprobioticGut microbes · 2026Trial
- Modulation of the gut microbiome and resistome by antibiotic use, but not by subsequent 2'-fucosyllactose intake, in adults with overweight or obesity.Gut microbes · 2026Trial
- Pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila MucNature medicine · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Dulaglutide versus empagliflozin as add-on therapy to metformin and sulfonylurea in type 2 diabetes: a randomized pilot study with exploratory metabolomic and microbiome analyses.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Effects of a combined energy restriction and vigorous-intensity exercise intervention on the human gut microbiome: A randomised controlled trial.The Journal of physiology · 2025Trial
- Microbiota-Dependent Fiber Responses: A Proof-of-Concept Study on Short-Chain Fatty Acid Production in Prevotella- and Bacteroides-Dominated Healthy Individuals.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Trial
- Global Metabolite Profiling in Feces, Serum, and Urine Yields Insights into Energy Balance Phenotypes Induced by Diet-Driven Microbiome Remodeling.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Trial
- Intrinsic chicory root fibers modulate colonic microbial butyrate-producing pathways and improve insulin sensitivity in individuals with obesity.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Trial
- Advances and perspectives in genetically encoded biosensors for biomarker detection and theranostic circuits.Synthetic and systems biotechnology · 2027Review
- Article
- Rethinking probiotics: breaking theGut microbes · 2026Review
- Intestinal gases as markers to study the diet-gut microbiota-host metabolism axis in humans and their relationship to metabolic health.Gut microbes · 2026Review
741 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Evidence is accumulating that the gut microbiome is involved in the aetiology of obesity and obesity-related complications such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The gut microbiota is able to ferment indigestible carbohydrates (for example, dietary fibre), thereby yielding important metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids and succinate. Numerous animal studies and a handful of human studies suggest a beneficial role of these metabolites in the prevention and treatment of obesity and its comorbidities. Interestingly, the more distal colonic microbiota primarily ferments peptides and proteins, as availability of fermentable fibre, the major energy source for the microbiota, is limited here. This proteolytic fermentation yields mainly harmful products such as ammonia, phenols and branched-chain fatty acids, which might be detrimental for host gut and metabolic health. Therefore, a switch from proteolytic to saccharolytic fermentation could be of major interest for the prevention and/or treatment of metabolic diseases. This Review focuses on the role of products derived from microbial carbohydrate and protein fermentation in relation to obesity and obesity-associated insulin resistance, T2DM and NAFLD, and discusses the mechanisms involved.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.