SynthesisSleep health2019
Racial disparities and sleep among preschool aged children: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Sleep health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations between childhood maltreatment and behavioral sleep disturbances across the lifespan: A systematic review.Sleep medicine reviews · 2022Pooled it
- A systematic review of the association between sleep health and stress biomarkers in children.Sleep medicine reviews · 2021Pooled it
- A Systematic Review on Cross-Cultural Comparative Studies of Sleep in Young Populations: The Roles of Cultural Factors.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Effects of a Sleep Health Education Program for Children and Parents on Child Sleep Duration and Difficulties: A Stepped-Wedge Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2022Trial
- Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2022Trial
- Racial/ethnic disparities in grade point averages and absences among 9th graders in Georgia: the role of sleep differences.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2026Article
- Current and Emerging Therapies for Pediatric Sleep Disorders: A Narrative Review.Neurology and therapy · 2026Review
- Patterns and Motivations for White Noise Use in Children: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Parental Practices.Cureus · 2026Article
- The interplay between nap and nighttime sleep in preschool-aged children: an actigraphic study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Association of Sleep-related Parenting Practices and Sleep Problems in Preschoolers: A National Multiprovince Survey in China.Nature and science of sleep · 2026Article
- Sleep health in black families: bedtime routines and sleep patterns among young children.Frontiers in sleep · 2026Article
- Sex and race/ethnicity differences in the 24-hour movement behaviors among adolescents in the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study (FFCWS).Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Air pollution exposures and adverse childhood experiences in relation to sleep health in middle childhood.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2025Article
- Article
- Optimizing Attention and Sleep Intervention Study (OASIS): a protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial to compare parent behavioral interventions with and without sleep strategies delivered in pediatric primary care for preschool-aged children at risk of childhood ADHD.Pilot and feasibility studies · 2025Article
- Sleep quality and associated factors in adults living in the southern Brazil: A population-based study.Sleep medicine: X · 2024Article
- Race, Ethnicity, and Sleep in US Children.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Perceptions of sleep health among African American mothers regarding their preschool-aged children: A qualitative study to decrease sleep health disparities.Sleep health · 2024Article
- Diagnosis of sleep disorders in child healthcare settings.Sleep medicine · 2024Article
- Racial/ethnic disparities in the trajectories of insomnia symptoms from childhood to young adulthood.Sleep · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Sleep disorders and sleep insufficiency are common among preschool-aged children. Studies among school-aged children show disordered sleep is often more prevalent among racial minority groups. The primary aim of this systematic review was to critically appraise empirical data to elucidate the relationship between race and key sleep variables among children aged 2 to 5 years old. By systematically searching PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO databases, we identified empirical research articles conducted in the United States that investigate this relationship. We searched for variables relevant to (1) insufficient sleep duration, (2) poor sleep quality, (3) irregular timing of sleep, including sleep/wake problems and irregular bedtime onset and wake times (4) and sleep/circadian disorders. Nine studies satisfied the criteria for inclusion: five investigated nocturnal sleep duration, five investigated bedtime-related variables, four investigated daytime sleep (napping), three investigated total sleep, two investigated sleep quality, and one investigated wake times. Four studies specifically addressed racial and demographic differences in sleep variables as the primary aim, while the remaining five contained analyses addressing racial and demographic differences in sleep as secondary aims. Non-Hispanic white, white, or European-American race was used as the reference category in all studies. The results provided consistent evidence that white, non-Hispanic children were more likely to go to bed earlier and more regularly, have longer nocturnal sleep, and nap less than most racial and ethnic minorities. Combined, this literature presents a compelling narrative implicating race as an important factor in sleep patterns among a preschool age population.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.