ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2019
Very Early Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy During Acute HIV Infection Is Associated With Normalized Levels of Immune Activation Markers in Cerebrospinal Fluid but Not in Plasma.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Coordination of inflammatory responses in children with perinatally acquired HIV infection.AIDS (London, England) · 2022Trial
- A novel measure of antiretroviral activity in cerebrospinal fluid and association with HIV persistence and cognitive function.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- Neuroaxonal Injury in Acute HIV Infection and Following Immediate Antiretroviral Therapy.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Rapid decline of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of axonal injury and neuroinflammation after initiation of antiretroviral therapy in HIV.Journal of neurovirology · 2025Article
- The natural history of anal cancer-associated human papillomavirus infection among cisgender men and transgender women who have sex with men in an acute HIV cohort in Thailand.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- The utility of nonhuman primate models for understanding acute HIV-1 infection.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- Rapid Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy Suppresses T Cell Pathological Proliferation and Improves Immune Recovery in People Living with HIV.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Cytokine trajectory over time in men and women with HIV on long-term antiretroviral therapy.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Article
- Dynamics and immunological signature of γδ T cells following antiretroviral therapy initiation in acute HIV-1 Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Review
- Central Nervous System Effects of Early HIV Infection and Consequences of Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation during Acute HIV.Viruses · 2024Review
- Prevalence and incidence of anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions in a cohort of cisgender men and transgender women who have sex with men diagnosed and treated during acute HIV acquisition in Bangkok, Thailand.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2024Article
- Multimodal Approach to Neurocognitive Function in People Living with HIV in the cART Era: A Comprehensive Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Differences in neuroinflammation in people who started antiretroviral treatment during primary versus chronic HIV infection: an 18kDa Translocator protein (TSPO) positron emission tomography (PET) study.Journal of neurovirology · 2024Observational
- Comparison of Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors (INSTIs) and Protease-Boosted Inhibitors (PIs) on the Reduction in Chronic Immune Activation in a Virally Suppressed, Mainly Male Population Living with HIV (PLWH).Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Bridging brain and blood: a prospective view on neuroimaging-exosome correlations in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Review
- Observational study of effects of HIV acquisition and antiretroviral treatment on biomarkers of systemic immune activation.PloS one · 2024Observational
- Role of Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor for Staphylococcal Infection in the Oral Cavity.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Network modeling suggests HIV infection phenocopies PI3K-AKT pathway mutations to enhance HPV-associated cervical cancer.Molecular omics · 2023Article
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15 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundChronic immune activation in the blood and central nervous system is a consequence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection that contributes to disease morbidity and can occur despite virally suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). The trajectory of HIV-related inflammation may vary with the timing of ART initiation. We examined immune activation markers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood specimens collected over 96 weeks from participants who initiated ART during acute HIV infection (AHI).
methodsRV254/SEARCH010 study participants with AHI underwent CSF (n = 89) and plasma (n = 146) sampling before initiating ART and at weeks 24 and 96 of treatment. A majority participants (64.4%) received a standard ART regimen (hereafter, "standard ART"), with some (34.7%) also receiving maraviroc and raltegravir for the first 24 weeks (hereafter, "ART plus"). We compared neopterin, CXCL10, CCL2, and interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels in the AHI group to those in 18 healthy, uninfected controls.
resultsFollowing 24 and 96 weeks of treatment, levels of all CSF markers normalized while levels of several plasma markers remained elevated in the AHI group (P < .001). Participants receiving the ART-plus regimen had lower median plasma CCL2 levels at week 24 and lower plasma neopterin levels at week 96.
conclusionsART initiation during AHI differentially impacts the brain compartment, with markers of inflammation returning to normal levels in the CSF, where they were sustained at week 96, but not in plasma.
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