Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30668670›Full record

ArticleGenome biology and evolution2019

Genetic Diversity and Gene Family Expansions in Members of the Genus Entamoeba.

Ian W Wilson, Gareth D Weedall, Hernan Lorenzi, Timothy Howcroft, Chung-Chau Hon, Marc Deloger, Nancy Guillén, Steve Paterson, C Graham Clark, Neil Hall

Open access · goldAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Genome biology and evolution, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. The Taxonomy of the GenusPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  5. Assessing Species Delimitation inMicroorganisms · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Theoretical Study of Sphingomyelinases fromPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Molecular Detection of a PathogenicPolish journal of microbiology · 2024
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Ian W WilsonInstitute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Gareth D WeedallInstitute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Hernan LorenziJ. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, Maryland.
Timothy HowcroftInstitute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom.
Chung-Chau HonUnité Biologie Cellulaire du Parasitisme, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Marc DelogerUnité Biologie Cellulaire du Parasitisme, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Nancy GuillénUnité Biologie Cellulaire du Parasitisme, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Steve PatersonInstitute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom.
C Graham ClarkLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London, United Kingdom.
Neil HallEarlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom.
University of Liverpool · GBInstitut Pasteur · FRJ. Craig Venter Institute · USLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine · GBUniversity of East Anglia · GB

Funding

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/CCG1720/1Medical Research Council MR/K002279/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Amoebiasis is the third-most common cause of mortality worldwide from a parasitic disease. Although the primary etiological agent of amoebiasis is the obligate human parasite Entamoeba histolytica, other members of the genus Entamoeba can infect humans and may be pathogenic. Here, we present the first annotated reference genome for Entamoeba moshkovskii, a species that has been associated with human infections, and compare the genomes of E. moshkovskii, E. histolytica, the human commensal Entamoeba dispar, and the nonhuman pathogen Entamoeba invadens. Gene clustering and phylogenetic analyses show differences in expansion and contraction of families of proteins associated with host or bacterial interactions. They intimate the importance to parasitic Entamoeba species of surface-bound proteins involved in adhesion to extracellular membranes, such as the Gal/GalNAc lectin and members of the BspA and Ariel1 families. Furthermore, E. dispar is the only one of the four species to lack a functional copy of the key virulence factor cysteine protease CP-A5, whereas the gene's presence in E. moshkovskii is consistent with the species' potentially pathogenic nature. Entamoeba moshkovskii was found to be more diverse than E. histolytica across all sequence classes. The former is ∼200 times more diverse than latter, with the four E. moshkovskii strains tested having a most recent common ancestor nearly 500 times more ancient than the tested E. histolytica strains. A four-haplotype test indicates that these E. moshkovskii strains are not the same species and should be regarded as a species complex.

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularGenome, ProtozoanMultigene FamilyCysteine ProteasesEntamoebaGenetic VariationLectinsRecombination, GeneticSelection, GeneticVirulence FactorsCysteine ProteasesLectinsVirulence FactorsEntamoebagene familygenome diversityspecies complex

Identifiers

PMID30668670
PMCPMC6414313
OpenAlexW2914247599

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.