ArticleeLife2019
Absence of TGFβ signaling in retinal microglia induces retinal degeneration and exacerbates choroidal neovascularization.
Article in eLife, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeting glial PD-1/PD-L1 restores microglial homeostasis and reduces neuronal hyperactivity in an Alzheimer's disease model.Science advances · 2026Article
- Associations of Host Genetics and Plasma Proteomics with Incident Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Persons with AIDS.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Study protocol for a prospective natural history registry investigating the relationships between inflammatory markers and disease progression in retinitis pigmentosa: the RP-PRIMARY study.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2025Observational
- The Role and Diagnostic Potential of Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 in Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Ozone exposure and increased risk of age-related macular degeneration: Evidence from nationwide cohort and toxicological studies.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2025Article
- Identifying pathological myopia associated genes with GenePlexus in protein-protein interaction network.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Article
- Breach and restoration of retinal immune privilege: barrier failure, innate dysregulation, and adaptive autoimmunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Autophagy serves as a protective effect against inflammatory injury of oxidative stress in ARPE-19 cell.International journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- TGF-β Signaling in Microglia: A Key Regulator of Development, Homeostasis and Reactivity.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Article
- Annexin-V binds subpopulation of immune cells altering its interpretation as anInternational journal of biological sciences · 2024Article
- Glaucoma: from pathogenic mechanisms to retinal glial cell response to damage.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Review
- Structure, Function, and Molecular Landscapes of the Aging Retina.Annual review of vision science · 2023Review
- FTO-mediated m6A modification alleviates autoimmune uveitis by regulating microglia phenotypes via the GPC4/TLR4/NF-κB signaling axis.Genes & diseases · 2023Article
- IGFBPL1 is a master driver of microglia homeostasis and resolution of neuroinflammation in glaucoma and brain tauopathy.Cell reports · 2023Article
- Temporal single-cell atlas of non-neuronal retinal cells reveals dynamic, coordinated multicellular responses to central nervous system injury.Nature immunology · 2023Article
- Inflammation and retinal degenerative diseases.Neural regeneration research · 2023Review
- Article
- Microglia: The breakthrough to treat neovascularization and repair blood-retinal barrier in retinopathy.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2023Review
- Apolipoprotein E4 impairs the response of neurodegenerative retinal microglia and prevents neuronal loss in glaucoma.Immunity · 2022Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Constitutive TGFβ signaling is important in maintaining retinal neurons and blood vessels and is a factor contributing to the risk for age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a retinal disease involving neurodegeneration and microglial activation. How TGFβ signaling to microglia influences pathological retinal neuroinflammation is unclear. We discovered that ablation of the TGFβ receptor, TGFBR2, in retinal microglia of adult mice induced abnormal microglial numbers, distribution, morphology, and activation status, and promoted a pathological microglial gene expression profile. TGFBR2-deficient retinal microglia induced secondary gliotic changes in Müller cells, neuronal apoptosis, and decreased light-evoked retinal function reflecting abnormal synaptic transmission. While retinal vasculature was unaffected, TGFBR2-deficient microglia demonstrated exaggerated responses to laser-induced injury that was associated with increased choroidal neovascularization, a hallmark of advanced exudative AMD. These findings demonstrate that deficiencies in TGFβ-mediated microglial regulation can drive neuroinflammatory contributions to AMD-related neurodegeneration and neovascularization, highlighting TGFβ signaling as a potential therapeutic target.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.