ArticleEmerging infectious diseases2019
Cumulative Incidence of West Nile Virus Infection, Continental United States, 1999-2016.
Article in Emerging infectious diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Forgotten in the tropics: research on Culex mosquitoes is overshadowed in malaria and dengue-endemic regions.Parasites & vectors · 2026Pooled it
- Ecologic Factors Contributing to West Nile Virus Hyperendemicity in Central South Carolina: An Integrated Vector-Human-Environmental Study.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the safety and insecticidal efficacy of ivermectin-treated bird feed formulations in different avian species.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Serological evidence of West Nile virus in blood donors from a city on the northern border of mexico: a cross-sectional study.Virology journal · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal dynamics of Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus populations in Miami-Dade County, Florida.PloS one · 2026Article
- Genomic characterization of a severe West Nile Virus transmission season using a single reaction amplicon sequencing approach.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Mosquito seasonality and trap type evaluation using routine surveillance data from New Orleans, Louisiana, United States.PloS one · 2026Article
- Article
- Evaluation of the safety and insecticidal efficacy of ivermectin-treated bird feed formulations in different avian species.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Active West Nile virus transmission in Brazil: an epidemiological study.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2025Article
- West Nile virus vaccine candidates attenuated by dinucleotide enrichment are immunogenic and protective against lethal infection.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Identification of West Nile virus infection by anti-premembrane antibodies in Nicaraguan children prior to 2007-2009.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Emerging mosquito-borne flaviviruses.mBio · 2024Review
- Article
- Lessons Learned from West Nile Virus Infection:Vaccinations in Equines and Their Implications for One Health Approaches.Viruses · 2024Review
- Early cellular and molecular signatures correlate with severity of West Nile virus infection.iScience · 2023Article
- A Spatially Resolved and Environmentally Informed Forecast Model of West Nile Virus in Coachella Valley, California.GeoHealth · 2023Article
- Higher replication potential of West Nile virus governs apoptosis induction in human neuroblastoma cells.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2023Article
- Rapid Generation of Recombinant Flaviviruses Using Circular Polymerase Extension Reaction.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Evaluation of NS4A, NS4B, NS5 and 3'UTR Genetic Determinants of WNV Lineage 1 Virulence in Birds and Mammals.Viruses · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Using reported case data from ArboNET and previous seroprevalence data stratified by age and sex, we conservatively estimate that ≈7 million persons in the United States have been infected with West Nile virus since its introduction in 1999. Our data support the need for public health interventions and improved surveillance.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.