ArticleJournal of clinical laboratory analysis2019
Association of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in preeclampsia.
Article in Journal of clinical laboratory analysis, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 125 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
125 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 226 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of IL-17 and IL-27 polymorphisms with susceptibility to recurrent pregnancy loss and pre-eclampsia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2023Pooled it
- Preeclamptic Women Have Decreased Circulating IL-10 (Interleukin-10) Values at the Time of Preeclampsia Diagnosis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2020Pooled it
- Oral Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG Exposure During Pregnancy and Effects on Maternal Inflammatory Response-A Blinded, Pilot Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2025Trial
- Effects of the Supplementation ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Maternal and Early Neonatal Serum Cytokine and Endothelin-1 Concentrations in Preeclampsia: A Single-Center Observational Cohort Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Elevated placental inflammation as a mediator of adverse outcomes in gestational diabetes mellitus.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2026Article
- Characterization of pro-inflammatory, regulatory, and anti-inflammatory interleukins in placentas affected by acute fetal distress across gestational ages: a pilot study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Endothelial Dysfunction in Preeclampsia: Focus on the Uteroplacental Circulation.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2026Review
- Placental dysfunction reflects endocrine impairment and trophoblast alterations in polycystic ovarian syndrome.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Amino acids: Missing link in preeclampsia pathogenesis?European journal of nutrition · 2026Observational
- Understanding Preeclampsia: Integrating Placental Dysfunction, Immune Dysregulation and microRNA-Mediated Epigenetic Regulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Inflammation at the Maternal-Fetal Interface: Mechanisms Linking Maternal-Fetal Immunity to Preeclampsia and Fetal Growth Restriction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
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- Association of maternal IL-2, IL-4, and IL-13 with intrauterine growth restriction and umbilical artery doppler: a case-control study.Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia · 2026Article
- Association between triglyceride-glucose index, placental inflammatory cytokines, and perinatal outcomes in preeclampsia.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- The multifactorial role of HDAC9 at the maternal-fetal interface in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2025Review
- Resveratrol Activates SIRT1 to Inhibit Trophoblast Pyroptosis in Preeclampsia.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2025Article
- Therapeutic nanoparticle safety in pregnancy: Bridging knowledge gaps with environmental insights and a translational roadmap.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2025Review
- Association Between DMFT Index, Dental Plaque, and Pre-eclampsia in Pregnant Women: A Case-Control Study.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2025Article
65 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThe pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines play crucial role in the development and functions of placenta. Any changes in these cytokines may be associated with many pregnancy-related disorders like preeclampsia. Therefore, the present study is aimed to study the expression of pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-10) cytokines in placenta and serum of preeclamptic pregnant women. MATERIAL AND
methodsFor this study, a total of 194 cases of preeclamptic and control cases were enrolled in two Groups as per the gestational age that is, Group I (28-36 weeks) and II (37 weeks onwards). The number of samples was 55 in Group I and 139 in Group II. The immunohistochemistry (IHC) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were conducted on placenta and serum of both preeclamptic and normal samples, respectively. IHC results were revalidated by reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR).
resultsBoth Groups (I, II) of preeclampsia showed amended levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in placental tissues and serum samples. The levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly increased in preeclamptic cases (P = 0.0001, P = 0.0001) while the IL-4 and IL-10 were downregulated (P = 0.0001, P = 0.0001) in comparison to control. In addition, a negative correlation was also observed between the two in preeclampsia (P = 0.0001).
conclusionThe balanced ratio of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines is essential to regulate the maternal inflammation system throughout pregnancy. Therefore, the gradual cytokine profiling of the pregnant women may be useful for the management of preeclampsia.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.