ArticleCurrent addiction reports2018
The crossover effect: A review of racial/ethnic variations in risk for substance use and substance use disorder across development.
Article in Current addiction reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- A meta-analytic review of the relationship between racial discrimination and alcohol and other drug use outcomes in minoritised racial/ethnic groups.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Racism-related experiences and substance use: A systematic and meta-analytic review.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2024Pooled it
- Online Racial/Ethnic Discrimination, Suicidal Ideation, and Alcohol Misuse Among Ethnoracially Minoritized College Students: The Roles of Internalized Racism and Ethnic Identity.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Pandemic-Related Stressors Linked to Cannabis and Nicotine Use in a Longitudinal Study of Asian, Latinx, and White Young Adults.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2026Article
- Experiences of Discrimination and Alcohol Involvement Among Young Adults at the Intersection of Race/Ethnicity and Gender.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Childhood exposure to danger increases Black youths' alcohol consumption, accelerated aging, and cardiac risk as young adults: A test of the incubation hypothesis.Development and psychopathology · 2025Article
- "Not Knowing that I Could Get Addicted at Any Moment": Drug Use Initiation Narratives among Black Americans.Qualitative psychology (Washington, D.C.) · 2024Article
- An analysis of intersectional disparities in alcohol consumption in the US.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2024Article
- Family-Focused Prevention and Early Intervention of Substance Use in Pediatric Primary Care Settings.Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) · 2024Article
- Generational and Gender Patterns of Prescription Opioid Misuse Among Black Adults.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2024Article
- Association Between Child Maltreatment and Substance Use Disorder Across Emerging Adulthood.Child maltreatment · 2024Article
- Exploring the promotive pathway between ethnic-racial identity, depression and anxiety symptoms, and substance use among African American emerging adults.Cultural diversity & ethnic minority psychology · 2024Article
- Evidence-Based Assessment of Substance Use Disorder.Assessment · 2024Review
- The Strong African American Families Program: Disrupting the Negative Consequences of Racial Discrimination Through Culturally Tailored, Family-Based Prevention.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2024Article
- Fatal drug overdose among middle-aged Black men: A life table analysis.Addictive behaviors · 2023Article
- Associations of polygenic risk scores for smoking heaviness and lifetime cannabis use with tobacco and cannabis co-use trajectories among African Americans.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Article
- The Role of Socialization Contexts on Adolescent Substance Use across Racial and Ethnic Groups.Current addiction reports · 2023Article
- Investigating the Relative Influence of Romantic Sex Partners and Close Friends on Adolescent Alcohol and Marijuana Use.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2023Article
- The joint development of externalizing and internalizing behaviors in black and Hispanic youth and the link to late adolescent substance use.Development and psychopathology · 2022Article
- Substance-Specific Risk Factors among Young Adults: Potential Prevention Targets across Cannabis-Permissive Environments.Substance use & misuse · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of reviewThe "crossover" effect, a phenomenon by which some minority groups switch from low to high risk for substance use as a function of age, was first documented 25 years ago. However, rigorous methodological research examining the crossover effect has only recently emerged. The current paper reviews the past 25 years of research on the crossover effect, which has primarily examined the shift from low to high substance use risk among Blacks relative to Whites. RECENT
findingsAlthough findings regarding the crossover effect vary based on gender, socioeconomic status, and substance, Blacks and Hispanics appear to be at lower risk for some substance use- particularly binge drinking and cigarette smoking-than Whites during adolescence and early adulthood, but at higher risk for use in later life. Research regarding the crossover effect of substance use disorder and related problems is limited but more consistent with a similar pattern of effects observed. SUMMARY: Due to significant limitations of the extant literature examining the crossover effect, it requires additional research clarifying sociodemographic differences in the, identifying its mechanisms, and determining its clinical implications. Such research may have important implications for preventing racial/ethnic disparities in the consequences associated with disordered substance use.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.