ArticleJournal of neurodevelopmental disorders2019
Differentiating social preference and social anxiety phenotypes in fragile X syndrome using an eye gaze analysis: a pilot study.
Article in Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- The use of eye-tracking technology as a tool to evaluate social cognition in people with an intellectual disability: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Results from a Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Single-Dose, Crossover Trial of Lovastatin or Minocycline in Fragile X Syndrome.Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology · 2025Trial
- Results of a phase Ib study of SB-121, an investigational probiotic formulation, a randomized controlled trial in participants with autism spectrum disorder.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Phase synchronization modes are associated with heterogeneous social orienting in children and adolescents with autism.Molecular autism · 2026Article
- Electroretinography biomarkers indicate disrupted visual processing in Fragile X syndrome.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2026Article
- Heart rate defined sustained attention relates to visual attention in autism and fragile X syndrome.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Longitudinal Changes in Functional Neural Activation and Sensitization During Face Processing in Fragile X Syndrome.Biological psychiatry · 2025Article
- Similar Gap-Overlap Profiles in Children with Fragile X Syndrome and IQ-Matched Autism.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- Neurobehavioral Outcomes Relate to Activation Ratio in Female Carriers of Fragile X Syndrome Full Mutation: Two Pediatric Case Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- A preference to look closer to the eyes is associated with a position-invariant face neural code.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2024Article
- Article
- Distinct social attention profiles in preschoolers with autism contrasted to fragile X syndrome.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2023Article
- Examining Phenotypic Differences in Gaze Avoidance Between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Fragile X Syndrome.American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilities · 2022Article
- Large scale validation of an early-age eye-tracking biomarker of an autism spectrum disorder subtype.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- COVID-19 Pandemic: Mental Health in Girls With and Without Fragile X Syndrome.Journal of pediatric psychology · 2022Article
- Communication in fragile X syndrome: Patterns and implications for assessment and intervention.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Review
- Electroretinography and contrast sensitivity, complementary translational biomarkers of sensory deficits in the visual system of individuals with fragile X syndrome.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2021Article
- Evidence for Three Subgroups of FemaleFrontiers in integrative neuroscience · 2021Article
- Overlapping Molecular Pathways Leading to Autism Spectrum Disorders, Fragile X Syndrome, and Targeted Treatments.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFragile X syndrome (FXS) is the leading inherited cause of autism spectrum disorder, but there remains debate regarding the clinical presentation of social deficits in FXS. The aim of this study was to compare individuals with FXS to typically developing controls (TDC) and individuals with idiopathic autism spectrum disorder (ASD) across two social eye tracking paradigms.
methodsIndividuals with FXS and age- and gender-matched TDC and individuals with idiopathic ASD completed emotional face and social preference eye tracking tasks to evaluate gaze aversion and social interest, respectively. Participants completed a battery of cognitive testing and caregiver-reported measures for neurobehavioral characterization.
resultsIndividuals with FXS exhibited reduced eye and increased mouth gaze to emotional faces compared to TDC. Gaze aversive findings were found to correlate with measures of anxiety, social communication deficits, and behavioral problems. In the social interest task, while individuals with idiopathic ASD showed significantly less social preference, individuals with FXS displayed social preference similar to TDC.
conclusionsThese findings suggest fragile X syndrome social deficits center on social anxiety without the prominent reduction in social interest associated with autism spectrum disorder. Specifically designed eye tracking techniques clarify the nature of social deficits in fragile X syndrome and may have applications to improve phenotyping and evaluate interventions targeting social functioning impairments.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.