ArticleJournal of visualized experiments : JoVE2019
Using the Protozoan Paramecium caudatum as a Vehicle for Food-borne Infections in Zebrafish Larvae.
Article in Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Review
- Intestinal motility shapes spatiotemporal patterns of enterohemorrhagicInfection and immunity · 2026Article
- Optimization of bacterial colonization in the gut of axenic and conventional zebrafish larvae using live food.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Shiga toxin increases intestinal transit to displace resident microbes and facilitate pathogen colonization.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Effect ofFEMS microbes · 2025Article
- Utilizing Zebrafish Embryos for Replication of Tulane Virus: A Human Norovirus Surrogate.Food and environmental virology · 2024Article
- Review
- Colonization of larval zebrafish (mSphere · 2023Article
- Lemon-derived nanovesicles achieve antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects activating the AhR/Nrf2 signaling pathway.iScience · 2023Article
- Article
- TheProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- The zebrafish as a model for gastrointestinal tract-microbe interactions.Cellular microbiology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Due to their transparency, genetic tractability, and ease of maintenance, zebrafish (Danio rerio) have become a widely-used vertebrate model for infectious diseases. Larval zebrafish naturally prey on the unicellular protozoan Paramecium caudatum. This protocol describes the use of P. caudatum as a vehicle for food-borne infection in larval zebrafish. P. caudatum internalize a wide range of bacteria and bacterial cells remain viable for several hours. Zebrafish then prey on P. caudatum, the bacterial load is released in the foregut upon digestion of the paramecium vehicle, and the bacteria colonize the intestinal tract. The protocol includes a detailed description of paramecia maintenance, loading with bacteria, determination of bacterial degradation and dose, as well as infection of zebrafish by feeding with paramecia. The advantage of using this method of food-borne infection is that it closely mimics the mode of infection observed in human disease, leads to more robust colonization compared to immersion protocols, and allows the study of a wide range of pathogens. Food-borne infection in the zebrafish model can be used to investigate bacterial gene expression within the host, host-pathogen interactions, and hallmarks of pathogenicity including bacterial burden, localization, dissemination and morbidity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.