ArticleJournal of ginseng research2019
Ginsenoside Rk1 ameliorates paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in mice through inhibition of inflammation, oxidative stress, nitrative stress and apoptosis.
Article in Journal of ginseng research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Extract from Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Leaves alleviates APAP-induced acute liver injury via reshaping gut microbiota and attenuating microbial bile acids metabolism disorder.Chinese medicine · 2026Article
- Immunomodulatory Activities of Emerging Rare Ginsenosides F1, Rg5, Rk1, Rh1, and Rg2: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Applications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Sustainable Production of Ginsenosides: Advances in Biosynthesis and Metabolic Engineering.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Chelerythrine Protects Against Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Injury: Insights from Gut Microbiota and Multi-Omics Analysis.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Bifidobacterium bifidum reduces oxidative stress and alters gut flora to mitigate acute liver injury caused by N-acetyl-p-aminophenol.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Radiation-induced intestinal injury: from molecular mechanisms to clinical translation.Oncology reviews · 2025Review
- The Hepatoprotective Effects of Ginsenoside from Ginseng: A Review of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potentials.Current pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2025Review
- Ginsenoside Rk2 alleviates hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury by enhancing AKT membrane translocation and activation.MedComm · 2025Article
- Protective effects of Panax ginseng as a medical food against chemical toxic agents: molecular and cellular mechanisms.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2024Review
- Comprehensive Investigation of Ginsenosides in the SteamedMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Functional foods and bioactive compounds: a comprehensive review on their role in mitigating drug-induced liver injury.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Review
- Natural Products for Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Injury: A Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Identification of Small Airway Epithelium-Related Hub Genes in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2022Article
- Pharmacokinetics of Ginsenoside Rb1, Rg3, Rk1, Rg5, F2, and Compound K from Red Ginseng Extract in Healthy Korean Volunteers.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Article
- Progress on the efficacy and mechanism of action of panax ginseng monomer saponins treat toxicity.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Improved effect of fresh ginseng paste (radix ginseng-ziziphus jujube) on hyperuricemia based on network pharmacology and molecular docking.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Mechanism of drug-induced liver injury and hepatoprotective effects of natural drugs.Chinese medicine · 2021Review
- Ginsenoside Rk1 protects human melanocytes from HMolecular medicine reports · 2021Article
- Camellia japonica diminishes acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure by attenuating oxidative stress in mice.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFrequent overdose of paracetamol (APAP) has become the major cause of acute liver injury. The present study was designed to evaluate the potential protective effects of ginsenoside Rk1 on APAP-induced hepatotoxicity and investigate the underlying mechanisms for the first time.
methodsMice were treated with Rk1 (10 mg/kg or 20 mg/kg) by oral gavage once per d for 7 d. On the 7th d, all mice treated with 250 mg/kg APAP exhibited severe liver injury after 24 h, and hepatotoxicity was assessed.
resultsOur results showed that pretreatment with Rk1 significantly decreased the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, tumor necrosis factor, and interleukin-1β compared with the APAP group. Meanwhile, hepatic antioxidants, including superoxide dismutase and glutathione, were elevated compared with the APAP group. In contrast, a significant decrease in levels of the lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde was observed in the ginsenoside Rk1-treated group compared with the APAP group. These effects were associated with a significant increase of cytochrome P450 E1 and 4-hydroxynonenal levels in liver tissues. Moreover, ginsenoside Rk1 supplementation suppressed activation of apoptotic pathways by increasing Bcl-2 and decreasing Bax protein expression levels, which was shown using western blotting analysis. Histopathological observation also revealed that ginsenoside Rk1 pretreatment significantly reversed APAP-induced necrosis and inflammatory infiltration in liver tissues. Biological indicators of nitrative stress, such as 3-nitrotyrosine, were also inhibited after pretreatment with Rk1 compared with the APAP group.
conclusionThe results clearly suggest that the underlying molecular mechanisms in the hepatoprotection of ginsenoside Rk1 in APAP-induced hepatotoxicity may be due to its antioxidation, antiapoptosis, anti-inflammation, and antinitrative effects.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.