ArticleBMC genomics2019
Dose-dependent impact of oxytetracycline on the veal calf microbiome and resistome.
Article in BMC genomics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Alterations of human skin microbiome and expansion of antimicrobial resistance after systemic antibiotics.Science translational medicine · 2021Trial
- Integrating Diagnostic Tools for Early Recognition of Rumenitis in a Neonatal Calf.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Impact of transport source (dairy farms vs. collection center) and post-arrival housing in combination with prophylactic antibiotic treatment on performance, lung health and microbiota of veal calves.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Decoding the dynamics of calves' respiratory and gut microbiota: exploring stability, resistance, and individual patterns.Animal microbiome · 2025Article
- Changes in fecal microbiota after therapeutic exposure to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid in veal calves receiving multiple antibiotics.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- The effect of different sweeteners on the oral microbiome: a randomized clinical exploratory pilot study.Journal of oral microbiology · 2024Article
- Sub-inhibitory gentamicin pollution induces gentamicin resistance gene integration in class 1 integrons in the environment.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Transmission of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) during animal transport.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2022Article
- FI: The Fecobiome Initiative.Foodborne pathogens and disease · 2022Article
- Article
- Associations of the oral microbiota and Candida with taste, smell, appetite and undernutrition in older adults.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Impact of Antibiotic Therapies on Resistance Genes Dynamic and Composition of the Animal Gut Microbiota.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Review
- A review of the resistome within the digestive tract of livestock.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2021Review
- Enrofloxacin Alters Fecal Microbiota and Resistome Irrespective of Its Dose in Calves.Microorganisms · 2021Article
- Maximum levels of cross-contamination for 24 antimicrobial active substances in non-target feed. Part 12:EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2021Article
- Parenteral Antimicrobial Treatment Diminishes FecalFrontiers in veterinary science · 2021Article
- Changes in the Carbon Metabolism ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAntibiotic therapy is commonly used in animal agriculture. Antibiotics excreted by the animals can contaminate farming environments, resulting in long term exposure of animals to sub-inhibitory levels of antibiotics. Little is known on the effect of this exposure on antibiotic resistance. In this study, we aimed to investigate the long term effects of sub-inhibitory levels of antibiotics on the gut microbiota composition and resistome of veal calves in vivo. Forty-two veal calves were randomly assigned to three groups. The first group (OTC-high) received therapeutic oral dosages of 1 g oxytetracycline (OTC), twice per day, during 5 days. The second group (OTC-low) received an oral dose of OTC of 100-200 μg per day during 7 weeks, mimicking animal exposure to environmental contamination. The third group (CTR) did not receive OTC, serving as unexposed control. Antibiotic residue levels were determined over time. The temporal effects on the gut microbiota and antibiotic resistance gene abundance was analysed by metagenomic sequencing.
resultsIn the therapeutic group, OTC levels exceeded MIC values. The low group remained at sub-inhibitory levels. The control group did not reach any significant OTC levels. 16S rRNA gene-based analysis revealed significant changes in the calf gut microbiota. Time-related changes accounted for most of the variation in the sequence data. Therapeutic application of OTC had transient effect, significantly impacting gut microbiota composition between day 0 and day 2. By metagenomic sequence analysis we identified six antibiotic resistance genes representing three gene classes (tetM, floR and mel) that differed in relative abundance between any of the intervention groups and the control. qPCR was used to validate observations made by metagenomic sequencing, revealing a peak of tetM abundance at day 28-35 in the OTC-high group. No increase in resistance genes abundance was seen in the OTC-low group.
conclusionsUnder the conditions tested, sub-therapeutic administration of OTC did not result in increased tetM resistance levels as observed in the therapeutic group.
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