ReviewDrugs2019
Current and Emerging Treatment Strategies for Graves' Orbitopathy.
Review in Drugs, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Periocular methotrexate versus periocular triamcinolone injections for active thyroid-associated orbitopathy: a randomized clinical trial.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2023Trial
- Complications after radiotherapy in patients with Graves' orbitopathy: A nationwide cohort study.Eye (London, England) · 2026Article
- Natural product-based interventions for thyroid disorders: mechanisms and applications.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Transcriptomic profiling of thyroid eye disease orbital fibroblasts identifies sorafenib as a novel therapeutic.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Retinal Microvascular and Orbital Structural Alterations in Thyroid Eye Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Clinical characteristics of thyroid eye disease and expression profile of peripheral blood immune cells.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Ferroptosis in ocular diseases: mechanisms, crosstalk with other cell death pathways, and therapeutic prospects.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Cerium oxide nanoparticles attenuates fibrosis and inflammation in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy via JNK pathway.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2025Article
- Role of the suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 in the pathogenesis of Graves' orbitopathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Risk Factors for Ocular Surface Irritation Symptoms in Inactive Mild and Moderate-to-Severe Graves' Orbitopathy.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2024Article
- Safety of non-standard regimen of systemic steroid therapy in patients with Graves' orbitopathy: a single-centre experience.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2024Article
- Methotrexate is associated with decreased total thyroxine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Inflammopharmacology · 2023Article
- Review of an Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody for the Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases of the Skin.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2023Review
- Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging approaches to Graves' ophthalmopathy: a narrative review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Turbo Gradient and Spin-Echo BLADE-DWI for Extraocular Muscles in Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Current and promising therapies based on the pathogenesis of Graves' ophthalmopathy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Selenium and thyroid diseases.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Management of Thyroid Eye Disease: A Consensus Statement by the American Thyroid Association and the European Thyroid Association.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2022Article
- Management of thyroid eye disease: a Consensus Statement by the American Thyroid Association and the European Thyroid Association.European thyroid journal · 2022Article
- Consideration of specific key points improves outcome of decompression treatment in patients with endocrine orbitopathy: pre-/post-OP comparison and biomechanical simulation.European journal of medical research · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Graves' orbitopathy is a debilitating disorder which occurs in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease, mainly Graves' disease, and adds layers of complexity to management of both conditions. We conducted a comprehensive review of literature for publications relating to established and new management options for Graves' orbitopathy and have summarized key articles in this review. Initial evaluation of patients with Graves' disease should also include clinical evaluation for orbitopathy. If eye disease is present, patients are best managed by a multi-specialty team including an endocrinologist and ophthalmologist. All patients with Graves' orbitopathy benefit from risk factor modification and normalization of thyroid function tests. Patients with active, mild disease generally benefit from local therapies and selenium, while patients with moderate-to-severe disease usually require the addition of intravenous glucocorticoid therapy. If there is an inadequate response to glucocorticoid therapy, several second-line therapies have been investigated for use, including orbital radiotherapy (with additional glucocorticoids), rituximab, cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil, and methotrexate. Use of new biologic agents, mainly teprotumumab and tocilizumab, have demonstrated impressive reductions in disease activity and severity. If these results are confirmed, the treatment paradigm is likely to change in the future. Finally, there are several novel immunotherapies being investigated for Graves' disease, which may have treatment implications for Graves' orbitopathy as well. Overall, there are many encouraging advances in the therapy of Graves' orbitopathy that are making the future more promising for patients suffering from this disease.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.