Trial reportBMC pregnancy and childbirth2019
Intramuscular injection, intravenous infusion, and intravenous bolus of oxytocin in the third stage of labor for prevention of postpartum hemorrhage: a three-arm randomized control trial.
Trial report in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01914419 (Administration of Oxytocin Via Intramuscular Injection and Intravenous Bolus or Intravenous Infusion in the Third Stage of Labor for Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage), which is not on this map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Administration of Oxytocin Via Intramuscular Injection and Intravenous Bolus or Intravenous Infusion in the Third Stage of Labor for Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Side-effects of intravenouslyFrontiers in pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Intravenous versus intramuscular prophylactic oxytocin for the third stage of labour.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Bolus versus Continuous Infusion of Esketamine for Prevention of Postpartum Depression After Caesarean Delivery: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Trial
- Effect of Prophylactic Tranexamic Acid on Peripartum Changes in Haemoglobin Concentration After Vaginal Delivery.Sultan Qaboos University medical journal · 2025Trial
- Effect of administration routes of oxytocin on hemoglobin in neonates with delayed umbilical cord clamping: a multi-centre randomized controlled clinical trial.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2024Trial
- Does route matter? Impact of route of oxytocin administration on postpartum bleeding: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial.PloS one · 2019Trial
- Uterine Reaction to Oxytocin and Maternal-Neonatal Outcomes in Inducing Labor: A Retrospective Cohort Study.International journal of women's health · 2025Article
- Thermal imaging of local skin temperature as part of quality and safety assessment of injectable drugs.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Skin-to-Skin Contact in the Third Stage of Labor and Postpartum Hemorrhage Prevention: A Scoping Review.Maternal and child health journal · 2023Article
- Effect of Baogong Zhixue Granules Combined with Tranexamic Acid Injection on the Hemodynamics and Reproductive System in Patients with Postpartum Hemorrhage after Cesarean Section.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Article
- Side-effects of oxytocin in postpartum hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis.American journal of translational research · 2022Review
- Article
- A Randomized Control Trial of 3 IU IV Oxytocin Bolus with 7 IU Oxytocin Infusion versus 10 IU Oxytocin Infusion During Cesarean Section for Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage.International journal of women's health · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOxytocin for postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) prophylaxis is commonly administered by either intramuscular (IM) injection or intravenous (IV) infusion with both routes recommended equally and little discussion of potential differences between the two. This trial assesses the effectiveness and safety of 10 IU oxytocin administered as IM injection versus IV infusion and IV bolus during the third stage of labor for PPH prophylaxis.
methodsIn two tertiary level Egyptian maternity hospitals, women delivering vaginally without exposure to pre-delivery uterotonics were randomized to one of three prophylactic oxytocin administration groups after delivery of the baby. Blood loss was measured 1 h after delivery, and side effects were recorded. Primary outcomes were mean postpartum blood loss and proportion of women with postpartum blood loss ≥500 ml in this open-label, three-arm, parallel, randomized controlled trial.
resultsFour thousand nine hundred thirteen eligible, consenting women were randomized. Compared to IM injection, mean blood loss was 5.9% less in the IV infusion arm (95% CI: -8.5, - 3.3) and 11.1% less in the IV bolus arm (95% CI: -14.7, - 7.8). Risk of postpartum blood loss ≥500 ml in the IV infusion arm was significantly less compared to IM injection (0.8% vs. 1.5%, RR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.27, 0.91). No side effects were reported in any arm.
conclusionsIntravenous oxytocin is more effective than intramuscular injection for the prevention of PPH in the third stage of labor. Oxytocin delivered by IV bolus presents no safety concerns after vaginal delivery and should be considered a safe option for PPH prophylaxis.
trial registrationclinicaltrials.gov # NCT01914419 , posted August 2, 2013.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.