ArticleBMC infectious diseases2019
Pneumocystis jirovecii-related spontaneous pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema in a liver transplant recipient: a case report.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pneumomediastinum and Subcutaneous Emphysema as Initial Presentations ofJournal of acute medicine · 2026Article
- A Case Report of Spontaneous Subcutaneous Emphysema Secondary to Pulmonary Tuberculosis.Cureus · 2025Article
- Urinary Tract Infections Caused byMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Surgical chest complications after liver transplantation.World journal of transplantation · 2022Review
- What Is Different in Acute Hematologic Malignancy-Associated ARDS? An Overview of the Literature.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Review
- Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation rescue for severe pneumocystis pneumonia with the Macklin effect: a case report.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Clinical impact of pneumothorax in patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia and respiratory failure in an HIV-negative cohort.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2022Article
- A Case of Spontaneous Mediastinal and Subcutaneous Emphysema in a Patient with HIV-Infected Pneumonia.Current HIV research · 2022Article
- A Secondary Spontaneous Pneumothorax in a Patient with COVID-19: Case report.Sultan Qaboos University medical journal · 2021Article
- A case report of pneumomediastinum in a COVID-19 patient treated with high-flow nasal cannula and review of the literature: Is this a "spontaneous" complication?Clinical case reports · 2021Article
- Pneumothorax in Mechanically Ventilated Patients with COVID-19 Infection.Case reports in critical care · 2021Article
- Article
- A novel approach to resolve severe mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema occurring in Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia using vacuum-assisted closure therapy.SAGE open medical case reports · 2020Article
- Spontaneous pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax and subcutaneous emphysema in critically ill COVID-19 patients: A systematic review.Pakistan journal of medical sciencesReview
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a common opportunistic infection caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii. Its incidence at 2 years or more after liver transplant (LT) is < 0.1%. PCP-related spontaneous pneumothorax and/or pneumomediastinum is rare in patients without the human immunodeficiency virus, with an incidence of 0.4-4%. CASE PRESENTATION: A 65-year-old woman who had split-graft deceased-donor LT for primary biliary cirrhosis developed fever, dyspnea and dry coughing at 25 months after transplant. Her immunosuppressants included tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and prednisolone. PCP infection was confirmed by molecular detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii,in bronchoalveolar lavage. On day-10 trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, her chest X-ray showed subcutaneous emphysema bilaterally, right pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum. Computed tomography of the thorax confirmed the presence of right pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema. She was managed with 7-day right-sided chest drain and a 21-day course of trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole before discharge.
conclusionLonger period of PCP prophylaxis should be considered in patients who have a higher risk compared to general LT patients. High index of clinical suspicion, prompt diagnosis and treatment with ongoing patient reassessment to detect and exclude rare, potentially fatal but treatable complications are essential, especially when clinical deterioration has developed.
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