ReviewNature reviews. Endocrinology2019
Circadian rhythms and exercise - re-setting the clock in metabolic disease.
Review in Nature reviews. Endocrinology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06601660 (Effect of Combined Physical Training At Different Times of the Day on Muscle and Adipose Tissue Remodeling, Metabolism and Physical Performance in Female Mice and Women with Obesity), which is not on this map. Cited by 221 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Combined Physical Training At Different Times of the Day on Muscle and Adipose Tissue Remodeling, Metabolism and Physical Performance in Female Mice and Women with Obesity
Who cites it
221 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 347 citations in OpenAlex.
- Physical activity as a protective factor for insomnia: systematic review, meta-analysis, and quality assessment of observational studies.Journal of global health · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of 8-Hour Time-Restricted Eating (16/8 TRE) on Glucose Metabolism and Lipid Profile in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrition reviews · 2026Pooled it
- Mapping the effects of exercise on cognition and physical function: a scoping review of rodent studies.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of timed exercise interventions on patient-reported outcome measures: A systematic review.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Best Time of Day for Strength and Endurance Training to Improve Health and Performance? A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis.Sports medicine - open · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Food Timing, Circadian Rhythm and Chrononutrition: A Systematic Review of Time-Restricted Eating's Effects on Human Health.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- Effects of Daily Rhythm-Aligned Training on Skeletal Muscle Adaptation in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2026Trial
- Within-Day Timing of Concurrent Training Affects Inflammation and Body Composition in Young Adults With Obesity.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2026Trial
- A Comparison of the Effects of the Timing of Resistance Exercise on Glucose Levels Within the Target Range in People With Type 1 Diabetes (TREX Study): A Randomized Crossover Trial.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2026Trial
- The impact of the time of day on muscle and metabolic responses to resistance exercise in healthy adults: A randomised controlled trial.Experimental physiology · 2026Trial
- Efficacy and mechanism of supervised adapted physical activity on quality of life for patients with fibromyalgia: single-center, prospective, randomised clinical and neuroimaging study.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- The relationship between circadian type and physical activity as predictors of cognitive performance during simulated nightshifts: A randomised controlled trial.Chronobiology international · 2025Trial
- Morning exercise and pre-breakfast metformin interact to reduce glycaemia in people with type 2 diabetes: a randomized crossover trial.The Journal of physiology · 2024Trial
- Efficacy of morning versus afternoon aerobic exercise training on reducing metabolic syndrome components: A randomized controlled trial.The Journal of physiology · 2024Trial
- Effects of mind-body exercise on body constitution and circadian rhythm in people with suboptimal health status.Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2024Trial
- Long-term endurance running training and testosterone daily variation in ageing men; a comparative cross-sectional study.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Optimizing timing of exercise to improve metabolic outcomes in obesity and type 2 diabetes.Npj biological timing and sleep · 2026Review
- Association of Domain-Specific Physical Activity with Sleep Disorders in U.S. Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on NHANES.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Exploring the role of β2-microglobulin in the relationship between physical activity and DNAm-predicted PhenoAge: Evidence from a population-based and mice single-cell RNA-sequencing study.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
161 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Perturbed diurnal rhythms are becoming increasingly evident as deleterious events in the pathology of metabolic diseases. Exercise is well characterized as a crucial intervention in the prevention and treatment of individuals with metabolic diseases. Little is known, however, regarding optimizing the timing of exercise bouts in order to maximize their health benefits. Furthermore, exercise is a potent modulator of skeletal muscle metabolism, and it is clear that skeletal muscle has a strong circadian profile. In humans, mitochondrial function peaks in the late afternoon, and the circadian clock might be inherently impaired in myotubes from patients with metabolic disease. Timing exercise bouts to coordinate with an individual's circadian rhythms might be an efficacious strategy to optimize the health benefits of exercise. The role of exercise as a Zeitgeber can also be used as a tool in combating metabolic disease. Shift work is known to induce acute insulin resistance, and appropriately timed exercise might improve health markers in shift workers who are at risk of metabolic disease. In this Review, we discuss the literature regarding diurnal skeletal muscle metabolism and the interaction with exercise bouts at different times of the day to combat metabolic disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.