ArticleParasites & vectors2019
Haemoproteus minutus is highly virulent for Australasian and South American parrots.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.
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54 citing papers in PubMed, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exo-Erythrocytic Development of Haemoproteus belopolskyi (Haemosporida, Haemoproteidae) in the Type-Vertebrate Host Hippolais icterina, With Remarks on Phenotypic Variation in Avian Haemoproteids.Integrative zoology · 2026Article
- Review of Genetic Information of Morphologically Described Haemoproteus Parasites Recorded in GenBank and MalAvi Databases.Integrative zoology · 2026Review
- Novel Haemoproteus parasite lineage in Hooded Vultures (Necrosyrtes monachus) forms a distinct clade in Accipitriformes and highlights primer selection challenges in understudied avian hosts.Acta parasitologica · 2026Article
- Article
- Unraveling the Diversity of Haemosporidians in Brazilian Non-Passerine Birds: Insights from Midwestern Brazil.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The lineage diversity, spatiotemporal distribution and pathological significance ofInternational journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2025Article
- A literature review on the role of Culicoides in the transmission of avian blood parasites in Europe.Parasites & vectors · 2025Review
- Novel Insight intoPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- An Overview of the Neglected Modes of Existence in Avian Haemosporidian Parasites.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Do specialist haemoparasites induce tolerance in their hosts?Parasitology · 2025Article
- Molecular Prevalence of Avian Haemosporidian Parasites in Southeast Asia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- Physiological, environmental, and life-history drivers of haemosporidian infections in non-passerine birds from a rehabilitation center.Frontiers in parasitology · 2025Article
- A new blood parasite of the accentor birds: description, molecular characterization, phylogenetic relationships and distribution.Parasitology · 2024Article
- Unexpected absence of exo-erythrocytic merogony during high gametocytaemia in two species ofInternational journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2024Article
- Differences in haemosporidian parasite prevalence and diversity in migratory and resident birds of prey species revealed by a non-invasive sampling method.Ecology and evolution · 2024Article
- First detection of herpesvirus and hemosporidians in the endangered Pyrenean Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus aquitanicus).Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Exo-erythrocytic development ofInternational journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2023Article
- Article
- Unravelling the mosquito-haemosporidian parasite-bird host network in the southwestern Iberian Peninsula: insights into malaria infections, mosquito community and feeding preferences.Parasites & vectors · 2023Article
- Exo-erythrocytic development of two Haemoproteus species (Haemosporida, Haemoproteidae), with description of Haemoproteus dumbbellus, a new blood parasite of bunting birds (Emberizidae).International journal for parasitology · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 10 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHaemoproteus and Plasmodium species are widespread avian blood parasites. Several Plasmodium species are known for their high virulence and have caused significant declines in naïve bird populations. The impact of closely related Haemoproteus parasites is largely unknown. Recently we reported a lethal disease in two parrot aviaries caused by Haemoproteus parasites.
resultsHere we show that the causative pathogen Haemoproteus minutus is responsible for further 17 lethal outbreaks in parrot aviaries in Denmark, Germany and Great Britain. All affected parrots are endemic to Australasia and South America. We sequenced the cytochrome b gene from megalomeront-infected muscle tissue of 21 parrots and identified the two lineages TUPHI01 and TURDUS2 as causative agents, commonly naturally infecting the common blackbird (Turdus merula) and the song thrush (Turdus philomelos), respectively, in the Palaearctic. No intraerythrocytic parasite stages were found in any of the parrots. We failed to detect H. minutus in invasive Indian ring-necked parakeets (Psittacula krameri) in Germany. Together this suggests that abortive infections with two virulent lineages of H. minutus are lethal for naïve parrot species from Australasia and South America. We asked whether we could detect H. minutus in New Zealand, where its Turdus hosts were introduced in the 1800s. We therefore tested invasive blackbirds and song thrushes, and the co-existing endemic red-fronted parakeet (Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae) population on three New Zealand islands. No Haemoproteus spp. DNA was detected in all blood samples, indicating absence of transmission.
conclusionsThe results of this study show that captive parrots in Europe are threatened by two lineages of an otherwise benign parasite of Turdus spp. Aviary collections of parrots should be protected from Culicoides spp. vectors in Europe. Animal trade and climate changes extending the current vector and parasite distribution have to be considered as potential risk factors for the introduction of the disease in naïve parrot populations.
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