Trial reportThe international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity2019
Title: efficacy of a food parenting intervention for mothers with low income to reduce preschooler's solid fat and added sugar intakes: a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 25 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Reducing Solid Fat and Added Sugar Intakes in Low-income Preschoolers Through Environmental and Behavioral Portion Size Strategies
Effect of the Intervention "Food, Fun and Family" on Sleep Bruxism in Children
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effects of behavioural interventions for preventing obesity in young children from ethnic minority backgrounds: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2026Pooled it
- Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 2 to 4 years old.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Preventing and treating childhood overweight and obesity in children up to 5 years old: A systematic review by intervention setting.Maternal & child nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- Childhood Obesity Evidence Base Project: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of a New Taxonomy of Intervention Components to Improve Weight Status in Children 2-5 Years of Age, 2005-2019.Childhood obesity (Print) · 2020Pooled it
- Interventions to increase the consumption of water among children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2020Pooled it
- Parent and child dietary changes in a 6-month mobile-delivered weight loss intervention with tailored messaging for parents.Frontiers in public health · 2022Trial
- Interventions for positive parental feeding practices in low-income households: a scoping review.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2026Article
- Parenting Style, Caregiver Stress, and Energy-Dense Feeding Episodes in Low-Income Preschoolers: A Pilot Ecological Momentary Assessment Study.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Barriers to Healthy Eating and Influences on the Dietary Patterns and Eating Behaviours of 18-36-Month-Old Children in Ireland.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2025Article
- From preschool to policy: A scoping review of recommended interventions for a systems approach to improve dietary intake in early childhood.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2025Article
- Eating Behaviours, Oral Hygiene, and Caries in a Population of Spanish Children with Divorced Parents: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Asia-Pacific consensus statement on integrated 24-hour activity guidelines for the early years.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2023Review
- Article
- Local approaches and ineffectivity in reducing stunting in children: A case study of policy in Indonesia.F1000Research · 2023Article
- A Narrative Review of Dietary Assessment Tools for Preschool-Aged Children in the Home Environment.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Exploring the application of behaviour change technique taxonomies in childhood obesity prevention interventions: A systematic scoping review.Preventive medicine reports · 2022Article
- Parental feeding and childhood genetic risk for obesity: exploring hypothetical interventions with causal inference methods.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2022Article
- Family-based interventions for preventing overweight or obesity among preschoolers from racial/ethnic minority groups: A scoping review.Obesity science & practice · 2022Article
- Parental Feeding Practices in Families Experiencing Food Insecurity: A Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Occasions, purposes, and contexts for offering snacks to preschool-aged children: Schemas of caregivers with low-income backgrounds.Appetite · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFew interventions have shown efficacy to influence key energy balance behaviors during the preschool years.
objectiveA randomized controlled trial (RCT) was used to evaluate the efficacy of Food, Fun, and Families (FFF), a 12 week authoritative food parenting intervention for mothers with low-income levels, to reduce preschool-aged children's intake of calories from solid fat and added sugar (SoFAS).
methodsMothers were randomly assigned to receive FFF (n = 59) or to a delayed treatment control (n = 60). The primary outcome was children's daily energy intake from SoFAS at the end of the 12 week intervention, controlling for baseline levels, assessed by 24-h dietary recalls. Secondary outcomes included children's daily energy intake, children's BMI z-scores, and meal observations of maternal food parenting practices targeted in FFF (e.g. providing guided choices).
resultsParticipating mothers were predominantly African American (91%), with 39% educated beyond high school and 66% unemployed. Baseline demographics and child SoFAS intakes did not differ by group. Lost to follow-up was 13% and did not differ between groups. At post-intervention, FFF children consumed ~ 94 kcal or 23% less daily energy from SoFAS than children in the control group, adjusting for baseline levels (307.8 (95%CI = 274.1, 341.5) kcal vs. 401.9 (95%CI = 369.8, 433.9) kcal, FFF vs. control; p < 0.001). FFF mothers also displayed a greater number of authoritative parenting practices when observed post-intervention with their child at a buffet-style meal (Wilcoxon z = - 2.54, p = 0.012). Neither child total daily energy intake nor BMI z-scores differed between groups post-intervention.
conclusionsFindings demonstrate the initial efficacy of an authoritative food parenting intervention for families with low-income to reduce SoFAS intake in early childhood. Additional research is needed to evaluate longer-term effects on diet and growth.
trial registrationRetrospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov : #NCT03646201.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.