ReviewNeurochemistry international2019
Age and sex differences in the pathophysiology of acute CNS injury.
Review in Neurochemistry international, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review on the Involvement of the Kynurenine Pathway in Stroke: Pre-clinical and Clinical Evidence.Frontiers in neurology · 2019Pooled it
- Photobiomodulation therapy and polyethylene glycol as monotherapy versus combination treatment in male and female rats following spinal cord injury.Lasers in medical science · 2026Article
- Sexual Dimorphism in Spinal Cord Injury: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Translation.Neuromolecular medicine · 2026Review
- Sex-dependent effects of peptidylarginine deiminases on neutrophil function and long-term outcomes after spinal cord injury.Experimental neurology · 2025Article
- DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation dynamics in the aging brain and its impact on ischemic stroke.Neurochemistry international · 2025Review
- T Cell Involvement in Neuroinflammation After Traumatic Brain Injury: Implications for Therapeutic Intervention.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Review
- Wilms' tumor 1-associated protein aggravates ischemic stroke by promoting M1 polarization of microglia by enhancing PTGS2 mRNA stability in an m6A-dependent manner.Cell biology international · 2025Article
- Esketamine at a Clinical Dose Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting AKT Signaling Pathway to Facilitate Microglia M2 Polarization and Autophagy.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Article
- Role of transcription factors, noncoding RNAs, epitranscriptomics, and epigenetics in post-ischemic neuroinflammation.Journal of neurochemistry · 2024Review
- Biological and Procedural Predictors of Outcome in the Stroke Preclinical Assessment Network (SPAN) Trial.Circulation research · 2024Article
- Mastering the brain in critical conditions: an update.Intensive care medicine experimental · 2024Article
- Out of the core: the impact of focal ischemia in regions beyond the penumbra.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Review
- Traumatic Brain Injury in the Long-COVID Era.Neurotrauma reports · 2024Review
- Intracranial Pressure Dysfunction Following Severe Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Middle-Aged Rats.Translational stroke research · 2023Article
- Post-stroke depression: epigenetic and epitranscriptomic modifications and their interplay with gut microbiota.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Review
- Sexually dimorphic extracellular vesicle responses after chronic spinal cord injury are associated with neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in the aged brain.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- Targeted ablation of signal transducer and activator of transduction 1 alleviates inflammation by microglia/macrophages and promotes long-term recovery after ischemic stroke.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- Sexual Dimorphism in Brain Sirtuin-1 and m6A Methylated Sirtuin-1 mRNA, and in Protection with Post-Injury Anti-miR-200c treatment, after Experimental Stroke in Aged Mice.Aging and disease · 2023Article
- Immune regulation based on sex differences in ischemic stroke pathology.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Cerebroprotective Role ofStroke · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Despite the immeasurable burden on patients and families, no effective therapies to protect the CNS after an acute injury are available yet. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms that promote neuronal death and functional deficits after injury remain to be poorly understood. The prevalence, age of onset, pathophysiology, and symptomatology of many CNS insults differ significantly between males and females. In the case of stroke, younger males tend to show a higher risk than younger females, while this trend reverses with age. Accumulating evidence from preclinical studies have shown that sex hormones play a crucial role in providing neuroprotection following ischemic stroke and other acute CNS injuries. Estrogen, in particular, exerts a neuroprotective effect by modulating the immune responses after injury. In addition, there exists a sexual dimorphism in cell death pathways between males and females that are independent of hormones. Meanwhile, recent studies suggest that microRNAs are critically involved in the sex-specific mechanisms of cell death. This review discusses the current knowledge on the contribution of sex and age to outcome after stroke. Implication of the interplay between these two factors on other CNS injuries (spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury) from the experimental evidence were also discussed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.