ReviewPsychonomic bulletin & review2019
Understanding individual differences in theory of mind via representation of minds, not mental states.
Review in Psychonomic bulletin & review, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Reliability of Theory of Mind Tasks in Schizophrenia, ASD, and Nonclinical Populations: A Systematic Review and Reliability Generalization Meta-analysis.Neuropsychology review · 2025Pooled it
- Disruption of dopamine D2/D3 system function impairs the human ability to understand the mental states of other people.PLoS biology · 2024Trial
- The Game of Self: Identity and Experience as Active Inference.Personality and social psychology review : an official journal of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc · 2026Article
- Feedback on Mental State Inferences Improves Accuracy and Awareness.Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006) · 2026Article
- Starting from scratch: Ziermans et al. commentary.Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2026Article
- Theory of mind on demand: do we prepare or react?Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Anti-social learning: The impact of language on mentalizing.British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953) · 2025Article
- Online level-2 perspective taking for newly learnt symbols.Cognitive processing · 2025Article
- Perceived changes in mental health and social engagement attributed to a single psychedelic experience in autistic adults: results from an online survey.Psychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Capturing Argument in Agent-Based Models.Topoi : an international review of philosophy · 2025Article
- To see or not to see: the parallel processing of self-relevance and facial expressions.Cognitive research: principles and implications · 2023Article
- Novel theory of mind task demonstrates representation of minds in mental state inference.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Equivalent own name bias in autism: An EEG study of the Attentional Blink.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2022Article
- Time perception of individuals with subthreshold autistic traits: the regulation of interpersonal information associations.BMC psychiatry · 2022Article
- The Oxford Face Matching Test: A non-biased test of the full range of individual differences in face perception.Behavior research methods · 2022Article
- Editorial: Theory of mind in relation to other cognitive abilities.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Individual Differences in Indirect Speech Act Processing Found Outside the Language Network.Neurobiology of language (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2022Article
- A comparison of self-bias measures across cognitive domains.BMC psychology · 2021Article
- Exploring the relationship between anthropomorphism and theory-of-mind in brain and behaviour.Human brain mapping · 2021Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The human ability to make inferences about the minds of conspecifics is remarkable. The majority of work in this area focuses on mental state representation ('theory of mind'), but has had limited success in explaining individual differences in this ability, and is characterized by the lack of a theoretical framework that can account for the effect of variability in the population of minds to which individuals are exposed. We draw analogies between faces and minds as complex social stimuli, and suggest that theoretical and empirical progress on understanding the mechanisms underlying mind representation can be achieved by adopting a 'Mind-space' framework; that minds, like faces, are represented within a multidimensional psychological space. This Mind-space framework can accommodate the representation of whole cognitive systems, and may help to explain individual differences in the consistency and accuracy with which the mental states of others are inferred. Mind-space may also have relevance for understanding human development, intergroup relations, and the atypical social cognition seen in several clinical conditions.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.