ReviewAnnual review of immunology2019
Fine-Tuning Cytokine Signals.
Review in Annual review of immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 147 citations in OpenAlex.
- Engineering cytokines for cancer immunotherapy: a systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Peripheral cytokine levels as novel predictors of survival in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Modelling immune gene expression profiles as pharmacodynamic endpoints of antileishmanial treatment.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- IL-15 receptor alpha deficiency triggers depressive-like behaviors via enhanced microglial synapse pruning.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Multi-level transcriptional control of specific macrophage responses.The EMBO journal · 2026Review
- Innovative diabetes mellitus treatment strategies: Mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy and its impact on pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines modulation.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2026Review
- Inhibition of RBPJ transcription complex promotes IL-17 and IFN-γ secretion by CD4⁺ T cells in hepatocellular carcinoma.Archives of pharmacal research · 2025Article
- Phenotypic and targeted drug discovery in immune therapeutics: challenges, opportunities, and future directions.RSC advances · 2025Review
- Surface-Engineered Natural Killer Cell-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Induce Potent Anti-Tumour Effects in Lung Cancer Cells.Journal of extracellular biology · 2025Article
- Pattern recognition in living cells through the lens of machine learning.Open biology · 2025Review
- Viral sepsis - pathophysiology and disease manifestation.Infection · 2025Review
- Enhanced IL36RN Expression and Its Association With Immune Microenvironment Predicts Poor Prognosis in Gastric Cancer.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Novel first-trimester serum biomarkers for early prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus.Nutrition & diabetes · 2025Article
- STAT Signature Dish: Serving Immunity with a Side of Dietary Control.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Modeling the response to interleukin-21 to inform natural killer cell immunotherapy.Immunology and cell biology · 2025Article
- Proteomic characteristics of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in children with mild and severeFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Cytokines in sepsis: a critical review of the literature on systemic inflammation and multiple organ dysfunction.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Long non-coding RNAeLife · 2024Article
- Cytokine modulation in pelvic organ prolapse and urinary incontinence: from molecular insights to therapeutic targets.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Review
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cytokines are secreted or otherwise released polypeptide factors that exert autocrine and/or paracrine actions, with most cytokines acting in the immune and/or hematopoietic system. They are typically pleiotropic, controlling development, cell growth, survival, and/or differentiation. Correspondingly, cytokines are clinically important, and augmenting or attenuating cytokine signals can have deleterious or therapeutic effects. Besides physiological fine-tuning of cytokine signals, altering the nature or potency of the signal can be important in pathophysiological responses and can also provide novel therapeutic approaches. Here, we give an overview of cytokines, their signaling and actions, and the physiological mechanisms and pharmacologic strategies to fine-tune their actions. In particular, the differential utilization of STAT proteins by a single cytokine or by different cytokines and STAT dimerization versus tetramerization are physiological mechanisms of fine-tuning, whereas anticytokine and anticytokine receptor antibodies and cytokines with altered activities, including cytokine superagonists, partial agonists, and antagonists, represent new ways of fine-tuning cytokine signals.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.