ReviewDrug safety2019
Safety and Tolerability of Anti-Angiogenic Protein Kinase Inhibitors and Vascular-Disrupting Agents in Cancer: Focus on Gastrointestinal Malignancies.
Review in Drug safety, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Exploring the potential role of miR-124 in angiogenesis in colorectal cancer.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2026Article
- A Promising Paradigm Shift in Cancer Treatment with FGFR Inhibitors.Anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Targeting angiogenesis in gastrointestinal tumors: strategies from vascular disruption to vascular normalization and promotion strategies angiogenesis strategies in GI tumor therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Research progress on the structure, function, and use of angiogenin in malignant tumours.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Uncovering Knowledge Gaps in the Safety Profile of Antiangiogenic Drugs in Cancer Patients: Insights from Spontaneous Reporting Systems Studies.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- TWIST1-EP300 Expedites Gastric Cancer Cell Resistance to Apatinib by Activating the Expression of COL1A2.Analytical cellular pathology (Amsterdam) · 2022Article
- Effects of Apatinib Mesylate Monotherapy on the Incidence of Adverse Reactions and Immune Function in Patients with Breast Cancer after Radical Mastectomy.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Article
- Immune evasion by cancer stem cells.Regenerative therapy · 2021Review
- Anti-Angiogenic Therapy: Current Challenges and Future Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Article
- Fruquintinib effectively controlled the advanced small bowel adenocarcinoma progressed after multiple lines of palliative treatment: a case report and literature review.Cancer biology & therapy · 2020Review
- Review
- Review
- Safety of Novel Targeted Therapies in Oncology.Drug safety · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an essential process for tumor growth and metastasis. Inhibition of angiogenesis as an anticancer strategy has shown significant results in a plethora of tumors. Anti-angiogenic agents are currently part of many standard-of-care options for several metastatic gastrointestinal cancers. Bevacizumab, aflibercept, ramucirumab, and regorafenib have significantly improved both progression-free and overall survival in different lines of treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer. Second-line ramucirumab and third-line apatinib are effective anti-angiogenic treatments for patients with metastatic gastric cancer. Unfortunately, the anti-angiogenic strategy has major practical limitations: resistance inevitably develops through redundancy of signaling pathways and selection for subclonal populations adapted for hypoxic conditions. Anti-angiogenic agents may be more effective in combination therapies, with not only cytotoxics but also other emerging compounds in the anti-angiogenic class or in the separate class of the so-called vascular-disrupting agents. This review aims to provide an overview of the approved and "under development" anti-angiogenic compounds as well as the vascular-disrupting agents in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancers, focusing on the actual body of knowledge available on therapy challenges, pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic mechanisms, safety profiles, promising predictive biomarkers, and future perspectives.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.