ArticleCureus2018
Sputum Smear and Culture-negative Tuberculosis with Associated Pleural Effusion: A Diagnostic Challenge.
Article in Cureus, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Paucibacillary Pleural Tuberculosis Presenting as Subpleural Nodules: A Diagnostic Challenge With Negative PCR and Smear Tests.Clinical case reports · 2026Article
- Persistent expression of activation markers on Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific CD4 T cells in smear negative TB patients.PloS one · 2022Article
- Article
- Spinal-Pelvic Dissociation in Pregnancy: Surgical Fixation of Culture-Negative Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis.Case reports in orthopedics · 2020Article
- Pathologic characteristics of spinal tuberculosis: analysis of 181 cases.International journal of clinical and experimental pathology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Due to the unpredictable or nonspecific nature of its clinical presentations, TB can be a diagnostic challenge for physicians. In 2013, 23% of reported TB cases were culture-negative in the United States; in New York City, this was approximately 27%. The increasing number of sputum smear- and culture-negative TB patients is a serious concern because misdiagnosis and delayed treatment can lead to increased morbidity and mortality and increased infectious transmission. We report a case of a 26-year-old-female recent immigrant, who was initially managed for community-acquired pneumonia but was later found to have TB with complicated pleural effusion, despite having multiple smear- and culture-negative sputum specimens, Xpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)/resistance to rifampin (RIF) assay (real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR)) and pleural fluid analysis. She improved clinically on anti-tuberculosis therapy and, later, the diagnosis was confirmed by pleural biopsy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.