ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2019
Facial masculinity does not appear to be a condition-dependent male ornament and does not reflect MHC heterozygosity in humans.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- A meta-analysis of the association between male dimorphism and fitness outcomes in humans.eLife · 2022Pooled it
- Major histocompatibility complex-associated odour preferences and human mate choice: near and far horizons.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2020Pooled it
- Measuring sexual dimorphism in human faces.Journal of anatomy · 2026Article
- Facial Appearance and Markers of Cardiometabolic Risk in Healthy Adult Men.Archives of sexual behavior · 2025Article
- Violence exposure is associated with preference for masculine faces: evidence from Senegal.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2025Article
- Three-Dimensional Geometric Morphometric Characterization of Facial Sexual Dimorphism in Juveniles.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Time perception of attractive male faces and voices: The role of women's menstrual cycle.PloS one · 2025Article
- The sexy and formidable male body: men's height and weight are conditfion-dependent, sexually selected traits.Biology letters · 2025Article
- Is the human face a biomarker of health? - A scoping review.PloS one · 2025Article
- Sexual Dimorphism: The Interrelation of Shape and Color.Archives of sexual behavior · 2024Article
- Preference for Male Risk Takers Varies with Relationship Context and Health Status but not COVID Risk.Evolutionary psychological science · 2023Article
- Facial attractiveness is only weakly linked to genome-wide heterozygosity.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Darwin Versus Wallace: Esthetic Evolution and Preferential Mate Choice.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Review
- Heterozygosity of the major histocompatibility complex predicts later self-reported pubertal maturation in men.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Self-rated attractiveness predicts preferences for sexually dimorphic facial characteristics in a culturally diverse sample.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- How and why patterns of sexual dimorphism in human faces vary across the world.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Effects of Male Facial Masculinity on Perceived Attractiveness.Adaptive human behavior and physiology · 2021Article
- Soft tissue facial changes among adult females during alignment stage of orthodontic treatment: a 3D geometric morphometric study.BMC oral health · 2021Article
- Non-Pregnant and Pregnant Women's Femininity Preferences in Male Faces: Tests Based on Within- and Between-Sex Sexual Dimorphism Facial Manipulations.Archives of sexual behavior · 2021Article
- Fluctuating Asymmetry and Sexual Dimorphism in Human Facial Morphology: A Multi-Variate Study.Symmetry · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recent studies have called into question the idea that facial masculinity is a condition-dependent male ornament that indicates immunocompetence in humans. We add to this growing body of research by calculating an objective measure of facial masculinity/femininity using 3D images in a large sample (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.