Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30645156›Full record

GuidelineArchives of pathology & laboratory medicine2019

Quantitative Image Analysis of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Immunohistochemistry for Breast Cancer: Guideline From the College of American Pathologists.

Marilyn M Bui, Michael W Riben, Kimberly H Allison, Elizabeth Chlipala, Carol Colasacco, Andrea G Kahn, Christina Lacchetti, Anant Madabhushi, Liron Pantanowitz, Mohamed E Salama and 4 more

Open access · diamondAbstract readPractice Guideline
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Guideline in Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 79 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  11. Image analysis for bright-field HER2 in situ hybridization: validation for clinical use.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2025
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Color Standardization and Stain Intensity Calibration for Whole Slide Image-Based Immunohistochemistry Assessment.Microscopy and microanalysis : the official journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada · 2024
    Article
  18. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Marilyn M BuiFrom the Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida (Dr Bui); the Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (Dr Riben); the Department of Pathology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California (Dr Allison); Premier Laboratory, Longmont, Colorado (Ms Chlipala); Surveys (Mses Colasacco and Thomas), College of American Pathologists, Northfield, Illinois; the Department of Pathology, University of South Alabama, Mobile (Dr Kahn); Policy and Advocacy, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, Virginia (Ms Lacchetti); the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (Dr Madabhushi); the Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Dr Pantanowitz); the Department of Pathology, University of Utah/ARUP Laboratories Inc, Salt Lake City (Dr Salama); the Department of Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Dr Stewart); the Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo (Dr Tomaszewski); and the Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine and Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City (Dr Hammond).
Michael W RibenFrom the Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida (Dr Bui); the Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (Dr Riben); the Department of Pathology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California (Dr Allison); Premier Laboratory, Longmont, Colorado (Ms Chlipala); Surveys (Mses Colasacco and Thomas), College of American Pathologists, Northfield, Illinois; the Department of Pathology, University of South Alabama, Mobile (Dr Kahn); Policy and Advocacy, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, Virginia (Ms Lacchetti); the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (Dr Madabhushi); the Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Dr Pantanowitz); the Department of Pathology, University of Utah/ARUP Laboratories Inc, Salt Lake City (Dr Salama); the Department of Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Dr Stewart); the Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo (Dr Tomaszewski); and the Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine and Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City (Dr Hammond).
Kimberly H AllisonFrom the Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida (Dr Bui); the Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (Dr Riben); the Department of Pathology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California (Dr Allison); Premier Laboratory, Longmont, Colorado (Ms Chlipala); Surveys (Mses Colasacco and Thomas), College of American Pathologists, Northfield, Illinois; the Department of Pathology, University of South Alabama, Mobile (Dr Kahn); Policy and Advocacy, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, Virginia (Ms Lacchetti); the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (Dr Madabhushi); the Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Dr Pantanowitz); the Department of Pathology, University of Utah/ARUP Laboratories Inc, Salt Lake City (Dr Salama); the Department of Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Dr Stewart); the Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo (Dr Tomaszewski); and the Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine and Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City (Dr Hammond).
Elizabeth ChlipalaFrom the Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida (Dr Bui); the Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (Dr Riben); the Department of Pathology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California (Dr Allison); Premier Laboratory, Longmont, Colorado (Ms Chlipala); Surveys (Mses Colasacco and Thomas), College of American Pathologists, Northfield, Illinois; the Department of Pathology, University of South Alabama, Mobile (Dr Kahn); Policy and Advocacy, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, Virginia (Ms Lacchetti); the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (Dr Madabhushi); the Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Dr Pantanowitz); the Department of Pathology, University of Utah/ARUP Laboratories Inc, Salt Lake City (Dr Salama); the Department of Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Dr Stewart); the Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo (Dr Tomaszewski); and the Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine and Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City (Dr Hammond).
Carol ColasaccoFrom the Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida (Dr Bui); the Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (Dr Riben); the Department of Pathology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California (Dr Allison); Premier Laboratory, Longmont, Colorado (Ms Chlipala); Surveys (Mses Colasacco and Thomas), College of American Pathologists, Northfield, Illinois; the Department of Pathology, University of South Alabama, Mobile (Dr Kahn); Policy and Advocacy, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, Virginia (Ms Lacchetti); the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (Dr Madabhushi); the Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Dr Pantanowitz); the Department of Pathology, University of Utah/ARUP Laboratories Inc, Salt Lake City (Dr Salama); the Department of Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Dr Stewart); the Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo (Dr Tomaszewski); and the Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine and Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City (Dr Hammond).
Andrea G KahnFrom the Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida (Dr Bui); the Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (Dr Riben); the Department of Pathology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California (Dr Allison); Premier Laboratory, Longmont, Colorado (Ms Chlipala); Surveys (Mses Colasacco and Thomas), College of American Pathologists, Northfield, Illinois; the Department of Pathology, University of South Alabama, Mobile (Dr Kahn); Policy and Advocacy, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, Virginia (Ms Lacchetti); the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (Dr Madabhushi); the Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Dr Pantanowitz); the Department of Pathology, University of Utah/ARUP Laboratories Inc, Salt Lake City (Dr Salama); the Department of Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Dr Stewart); the Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo (Dr Tomaszewski); and the Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine and Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City (Dr Hammond).
Christina LacchettiFrom the Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida (Dr Bui); the Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (Dr Riben); the Department of Pathology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California (Dr Allison); Premier Laboratory, Longmont, Colorado (Ms Chlipala); Surveys (Mses Colasacco and Thomas), College of American Pathologists, Northfield, Illinois; the Department of Pathology, University of South Alabama, Mobile (Dr Kahn); Policy and Advocacy, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, Virginia (Ms Lacchetti); the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (Dr Madabhushi); the Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Dr Pantanowitz); the Department of Pathology, University of Utah/ARUP Laboratories Inc, Salt Lake City (Dr Salama); the Department of Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Dr Stewart); the Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo (Dr Tomaszewski); and the Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine and Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City (Dr Hammond).
Anant MadabhushiFrom the Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida (Dr Bui); the Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (Dr Riben); the Department of Pathology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California (Dr Allison); Premier Laboratory, Longmont, Colorado (Ms Chlipala); Surveys (Mses Colasacco and Thomas), College of American Pathologists, Northfield, Illinois; the Department of Pathology, University of South Alabama, Mobile (Dr Kahn); Policy and Advocacy, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, Virginia (Ms Lacchetti); the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (Dr Madabhushi); the Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Dr Pantanowitz); the Department of Pathology, University of Utah/ARUP Laboratories Inc, Salt Lake City (Dr Salama); the Department of Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Dr Stewart); the Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo (Dr Tomaszewski); and the Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine and Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City (Dr Hammond).
Liron PantanowitzFrom the Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida (Dr Bui); the Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (Dr Riben); the Department of Pathology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California (Dr Allison); Premier Laboratory, Longmont, Colorado (Ms Chlipala); Surveys (Mses Colasacco and Thomas), College of American Pathologists, Northfield, Illinois; the Department of Pathology, University of South Alabama, Mobile (Dr Kahn); Policy and Advocacy, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, Virginia (Ms Lacchetti); the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (Dr Madabhushi); the Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Dr Pantanowitz); the Department of Pathology, University of Utah/ARUP Laboratories Inc, Salt Lake City (Dr Salama); the Department of Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Dr Stewart); the Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo (Dr Tomaszewski); and the Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine and Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City (Dr Hammond).
Mohamed E SalamaFrom the Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida (Dr Bui); the Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (Dr Riben); the Department of Pathology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California (Dr Allison); Premier Laboratory, Longmont, Colorado (Ms Chlipala); Surveys (Mses Colasacco and Thomas), College of American Pathologists, Northfield, Illinois; the Department of Pathology, University of South Alabama, Mobile (Dr Kahn); Policy and Advocacy, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, Virginia (Ms Lacchetti); the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (Dr Madabhushi); the Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Dr Pantanowitz); the Department of Pathology, University of Utah/ARUP Laboratories Inc, Salt Lake City (Dr Salama); the Department of Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Dr Stewart); the Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo (Dr Tomaszewski); and the Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine and Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City (Dr Hammond).
Rachel L StewartFrom the Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida (Dr Bui); the Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (Dr Riben); the Department of Pathology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California (Dr Allison); Premier Laboratory, Longmont, Colorado (Ms Chlipala); Surveys (Mses Colasacco and Thomas), College of American Pathologists, Northfield, Illinois; the Department of Pathology, University of South Alabama, Mobile (Dr Kahn); Policy and Advocacy, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, Virginia (Ms Lacchetti); the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (Dr Madabhushi); the Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Dr Pantanowitz); the Department of Pathology, University of Utah/ARUP Laboratories Inc, Salt Lake City (Dr Salama); the Department of Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Dr Stewart); the Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo (Dr Tomaszewski); and the Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine and Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City (Dr Hammond).
Nicole E ThomasFrom the Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida (Dr Bui); the Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (Dr Riben); the Department of Pathology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California (Dr Allison); Premier Laboratory, Longmont, Colorado (Ms Chlipala); Surveys (Mses Colasacco and Thomas), College of American Pathologists, Northfield, Illinois; the Department of Pathology, University of South Alabama, Mobile (Dr Kahn); Policy and Advocacy, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, Virginia (Ms Lacchetti); the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (Dr Madabhushi); the Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Dr Pantanowitz); the Department of Pathology, University of Utah/ARUP Laboratories Inc, Salt Lake City (Dr Salama); the Department of Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Dr Stewart); the Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo (Dr Tomaszewski); and the Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine and Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City (Dr Hammond).
John E TomaszewskiFrom the Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida (Dr Bui); the Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (Dr Riben); the Department of Pathology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California (Dr Allison); Premier Laboratory, Longmont, Colorado (Ms Chlipala); Surveys (Mses Colasacco and Thomas), College of American Pathologists, Northfield, Illinois; the Department of Pathology, University of South Alabama, Mobile (Dr Kahn); Policy and Advocacy, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, Virginia (Ms Lacchetti); the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (Dr Madabhushi); the Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Dr Pantanowitz); the Department of Pathology, University of Utah/ARUP Laboratories Inc, Salt Lake City (Dr Salama); the Department of Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Dr Stewart); the Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo (Dr Tomaszewski); and the Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine and Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City (Dr Hammond).
M Elizabeth HammondFrom the Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida (Dr Bui); the Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (Dr Riben); the Department of Pathology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California (Dr Allison); Premier Laboratory, Longmont, Colorado (Ms Chlipala); Surveys (Mses Colasacco and Thomas), College of American Pathologists, Northfield, Illinois; the Department of Pathology, University of South Alabama, Mobile (Dr Kahn); Policy and Advocacy, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, Virginia (Ms Lacchetti); the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (Dr Madabhushi); the Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (Dr Pantanowitz); the Department of Pathology, University of Utah/ARUP Laboratories Inc, Salt Lake City (Dr Salama); the Department of Pathology, University of Kentucky, Lexington (Dr Stewart); the Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo (Dr Tomaszewski); and the Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine and Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City (Dr Hammond).
Moffitt Cancer Center · USStanford Medicine · US

Funding

Institutional Career Development CoreKL2TR001996 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY · PI BUSH, MATTHEW LEE, KELLY, THOMAS H. · 2016 to 2025
$7.1M
Computerized histologic image predictor of cancer outcomeR01CA202752 · NCI · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI FELDMAN, MICHAEL D, GANESAN, SHRIDAR · 2016 to 2020
$3.1M
Quantitative Histomorphometric Risk Classifier (QuHbIC) in HPV + Oropharyngeal CarcinomaR01CA220581 · NCI · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI KOYFMAN, SHLOMO, LEWIS, JAMES · 2018 to 2023
$3.1M
Computerized Histologic Risk Predictor (CHiRP) for Early Stage Lung CancersR01CA216579 · NCI · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI FU, PINGFU, LLOYD, MARK · 2018 to 2023
$3.1M
MR Fingerprinting and Computerized Decision Support for Prostate CancerR01CA208236 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI GULANI, VIKAS, PONSKY, LEE EVAN · 2017 to 2022
$3.0M
Pathology Image Informatics Platform for visualization, analysis and managementU24CA199374 · NCI · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI GURCAN, METIN NAFI, MADABHUSHI, ANANT · 2015 to 2019
$2.9M
RadIO: A Novel Radiomics Toolkit to Predict and Characterize Response to Immunotherapy in Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung CancerI01BX004121 · VA · VETERANS HEALTH ADMINISTRATION · PI Anant Madabhushi, Charles J Nock · 2019 to 2026
–
BLRD VA I01 BX004121NCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR001996NCI NIH HHS R01 CA202752NCI NIH HHS R01 CA208236NCI NIH HHS R01 CA216579NCI NIH HHS R01 CA220581NCI NIH HHS U24 CA199374
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

CONTEXT.—: Advancements in genomic, computing, and imaging technology have spurred new opportunities to use quantitative image analysis (QIA) for diagnostic testing. OBJECTIVE.—: To develop evidence-based recommendations to improve accuracy, precision, and reproducibility in the interpretation of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) immunohistochemistry (IHC) for breast cancer where QIA is used. DESIGN.—: The College of American Pathologists (CAP) convened a panel of pathologists, histotechnologists, and computer scientists with expertise in image analysis, immunohistochemistry, quality management, and breast pathology to develop recommendations for QIA of HER2 IHC in breast cancer. A systematic review of the literature was conducted to address 5 key questions. Final recommendations were derived from strength of evidence, open comment feedback, expert panel consensus, and advisory panel review. RESULTS.—: Eleven recommendations were drafted: 7 based on CAP laboratory accreditation requirements and 4 based on expert consensus opinions. A 3-week open comment period received 180 comments from more than 150 participants. CONCLUSIONS.—: To improve accurate, precise, and reproducible interpretation of HER2 IHC results for breast cancer, QIA and procedures must be validated before implementation, followed by regular maintenance and ongoing evaluation of quality control and quality assurance. HER2 QIA performance, interpretation, and reporting should be supervised by pathologists with expertise in QIA.

Indexed as

Breast NeoplasmsErb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine KinasesImage Processing, Computer-AssistedLaboratoriesAccreditationEvidence-Based MedicineFemaleHumansImmunohistochemistryPathologistsQuality ControlReproducibility of ResultsSocieties, MedicalSystematic Reviews as TopicUnited StatesERBB2 protein, humanErb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases

Identifiers

PMID30645156
PMCPMC6629520
OpenAlexW2908580138

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.