ArticleSocial psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology2019
Psychotic experiences among ethnic majority and minority adolescents and the role of discrimination and ethnic identity.
Article in Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The prevalence and influencing factors of psychotic-like experiences in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis and systematic review.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- The mental health of European adolescents with vs. without a migration background (2013-2024)-a systematic review.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Experiences of Discrimination and Everyday Racism Among Children and Adolescents With an Immigrant Background - Results of a Systematic Literature Review on the Impact of Discrimination on the Developmental Outcomes of Minors Worldwide.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Pooled it
- The ethnic density effect in psychosis: a systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis.The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science · 2021Pooled it
- The recent trends in discrimination and health among ethnic minority adolescents: an integrative review.BMC public health · 2025Review
- The association between racism and psychosis: An umbrella review.PLOS mental health · 2025Article
- Self-concept and Narrative Identity in Youth at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2024Article
- Review of Major Social Determinants of Health in Schizophrenia-Spectrum Disorders: II. Assessments.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2023Article
- Racial microaggressions and major discriminatory events explain ethnoracial differences in psychotic experiences.Schizophrenia research · 2023Article
- The effects of perceived discrimination, social support and ethnic identity on mental health of immigrant adolescents.Scandinavian journal of child and adolescent psychiatry and psychology · 2021Article
- Spontaneous discontinuation of distressing auditory verbal hallucinations in a school-based sample of adolescents: a longitudinal study.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeResearch shows that the prevalence of psychiatric problems is higher in ethnic minority youth compared to native youth. This school-based screening study of early adolescents' mental health in the Netherlands examined differences in prevalence of psychotic experiences in ethnic minority youth compared to their Dutch peers. Moreover, we investigated the association between psychotic experiences, ethnic identity, and perceived discrimination.
methodsA cohort of 1194 ethnic majority and minority adolescents (mean age 13.72, SD 0.63) filled-out questionnaires on psychotic experiences (including delusional and hallucinatory experiences), perceived group and personal discrimination, and ethnic identity.
resultsApart from lower levels of hallucinatory experiences in Turkish-Dutch adolescents, prevalence of psychotic experiences did not differ between ethnic minority and majority adolescents. Perceived personal discrimination was associated with the presence of psychotic experiences (including delusional and hallucinatory experiences) (OR 2.30, 95% CI 1.22-4.34). This association was stronger for delusional experiences (OR 2.94, 95% CI 1.43-6.06) than for hallucinatory experiences (OR 1.65, 95% CI 0.73-3.72). No significant associations were found between perceived group discrimination and psychotic experiences. A weak ethnic identity was associated with higher risk for reporting psychotic experiences (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.14-3.66), particularly hallucinatory experiences (OR 3.15, 95% CI 1.54-6.44). When looking at specific ethnic identity categories, marginalization, compared to separation, was associated with a threefold risk for reporting psychotic experiences (OR 3.26, 95% CI 1.33-8.03). Both marginalisation (OR 3.17, 95% CI 1.04-9.63) and assimilation (OR 3.25, 95% CI 1.30-8.13) were associated with a higher risk for hallucinatory experiences.
conclusionsThese results underline the protective effect of ethnic identity against mental health problems. Future research should focus on interventions that focus on strengthen social identity.
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