ArticleThe western journal of emergency medicine2019
Factors Affecting Entrustment and Autonomy in Emergency Medicine: "How much rope do I give them?"
Article in The western journal of emergency medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Micromanagement in Healthcare: A Narrative Review of Antecedents, Consequences, and Mitigation Strategies.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Desired features of feedback in a high-paced clinical setting: A Q-methodology study.Medical education · 2026Article
- Learning Analytics of a National Entrustable Professional Activities Platform: Cross-Sectional Study of System-Level Constraints on Advanced Entrustment in Competency-Based Medical Education.JMIR medical education · 2026Article
- Beyond the Numbers: Exploring Tensions Between Formal Entrustment and Trainee Readiness in Internship Training - A Mixed-Methods Study.Perspectives on medical education · 2026Article
- A question of risk: how do undergraduate GP teachers experience entrustment decision-making in primary care?Medical education online · 2025Article
- The Impact of Faculty Gender on Resident Evaluations of Faculty Performance in Emergency Medicine.Cureus · 2024Article
- Scoping review: exploring residents' views of supervisor entrustment and its effect on learning and professional development.Korean journal of medical education · 2024Article
- Entrustment Decision Making in the Intensive Care Unit: It's About More Than the Learner.ATS scholar · 2024Article
- Association between independent practice time and patient outcomes in the emergency department: a retrospective study of residents in three urban hospitals in Taiwan.BMC emergency medicine · 2023Article
- Micromanagement in clinical supervision: a scoping review.BMC medical education · 2023Article
- The role of mentoring, supervision, coaching, teaching and instruction on professional identity formation: a systematic scoping review.BMC medical education · 2022Article
- Overextending: A Qualitative Study of Trainees Learning at the Edge of Evolving Expertise.Journal of graduate medical education · 2022Article
- Review
- The ABCDs of Entrustment.AEM education and training · 2021Article
- Residents' Perceptions of Faculty Behaviors and Resident Burnout: a Cross-Sectional Survey Study Across a Large Health Care Organization.Journal of general internal medicine · 2021Article
- Goldilocks and Entrustment: Finding the Amount of Learner Autonomy That's Just Right.MedEdPORTAL : the journal of teaching and learning resources · 2020Article
- Difference in Resident Versus Attending Perspective of Competency and Autonomy During Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repairs.JB & JS open accessReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionDuring residency, the faculty's role is to provide supervision while granting the trainee autonomy. This concept is termed entrustment. The goal is appropriate progression from supervision to autonomy while decreasing oversight as residents train. The objective of this study was to better understand the factors affecting the degree of autonomy or supervision faculty choose to provide residents.
methodsThis was a qualitative study of resident and faculty perceptions. We conducted two faculty and two resident focus groups. We then transcribed the transcripts of the audiotaped discussions and coded them using grounded theory.
resultsAnalysis of the transcripts yielded four major factors affecting entrustment of residents.Patient Factors included the acuity of the patient, sociomedical issues of patient/family, and complexity of risk with patient or procedure. For example, "sometimes there are families and patients who are exceedingly difficult that immediately sort of force me [to allow less autonomy]."
conclusionMultiple factors affect the amount of autonomy and entrustment given to residents and their level of supervision by faculty, leading to wide variability in entrustment. In the end, regardless of resident, patient, or environment, some faculty are more likely to entrust than others.
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