ArticleNature neuroscience2019
Cortical microcircuitry of performance monitoring.
Article in Nature neuroscience, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed.
- Towards an integrative neuroscience of metacognition.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2026Review
- Saccade length consistency during reading and shape-scanning.Attention, perception & psychophysics · 2026Article
- Laminar architecture of visual and auditory responses in the supplementary eye field of macaques.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2026Article
- Enhanced reward coding and condition-independent dynamics in optogenetically identified corticostriatal neurons in monkeys.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Prefrontal cortex interneurons and their contributions to attention, working memory, and adaptive behavior.Progress in neurobiology · 2026Review
- Computational and Neuronal Basis of Visual Confidence.Annual review of vision science · 2025Review
- Article
- Non-decision time: The Higgs Boson of decision.Psychological review · 2025Article
- Rapid learning with phase-change memory-based in-memory computing through learning-to-learn.Nature communications · 2025Article
- A preparatory cranial potential for saccadic eye movements in macaque monkeys.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Cognitive Control.Annual review of psychology · 2025Review
- Encoding of Predictive Associations in Human Prefrontal and Medial Temporal Neurons During Pavlovian Appetitive Conditioning.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024Article
- Agranular frontal cortical microcircuit underlying cognitive control in macaques.Frontiers in neural circuits · 2024Review
- Neural mechanisms for executive control of speed-accuracy trade-off.Cell reports · 2023Article
- Cortical origin of theta error signals.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2023Article
- Integration of landmark and saccade target signals in macaque frontal cortex visual responses.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Error monitoring when no errors are possible: Arbitrary free-choice decisions invoke error monitoring processes.iScience · 2023Article
- Neurophysiological mechanisms of error monitoring in human and non-human primates.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2023Review
- Three-photon excited fluorescence imaging in neuroscience: From principles to applications.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Review
- Effects of deep brain stimulation target on the activation and suppression of action impulses.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The medial frontal cortex enables performance monitoring, indexed by the error-related negativity (ERN) and manifested by performance adaptations. We recorded electroencephalogram over and neural spiking across all layers of the supplementary eye field, an agranular cortical area, in monkeys performing a saccade-countermanding (stop signal) task. Neurons signaling error production, feedback predicting reward gain or loss, and delivery of fluid reward had different spike widths and were concentrated differently across layers. Neurons signaling error or loss of reward were more common in layers 2 and 3 (L2/3), whereas neurons signaling gain of reward were more common in layers 5 and 6 (L5/6). Variation of error- and reinforcement-related spike rates in L2/3 but not L5/6 predicted response time adaptation. Variation in error-related spike rate in L2/3 but not L5/6 predicted ERN magnitude. These findings reveal novel features of cortical microcircuitry supporting performance monitoring and confirm one cortical source of the ERN.
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