ArticleBiology open2019
Local deformation and stiffness distribution in fly wings.
Article in Biology open, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- A hull reconstruction-reprojection method for pose estimation of free-flying fruit flies.The Journal of experimental biology · 2023Article
- Model-Based Tracking of Fruit Flies in Free Flight.Insects · 2022Article
- Physical intelligence as a new paradigm.Extreme Mechanics Letters · 2021Article
- Review
- Morphological diversification has led to inter-specific variation in elastic wing deformation during flight in scarab beetles.Royal Society open science · 2020Article
- Three-dimensional wing structure attenuates aerodynamic efficiency in flapping fly wings.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mechanical properties of insect wings are essential for insect flight aerodynamics. During wing flapping, wings may undergo tremendous deformations, depending on the wings' spatial stiffness distribution. We here show an experimental evaluation of wing stiffness in three species of flies using a micro-force probe and an imaging method for wing surface reconstruction. Vertical deflection in response to point loads at 11 characteristic points on the wing surface reveals that average spring stiffness of bending lines between wing hinge and point loads varies ∼77-fold in small fruit flies and up to ∼28-fold in large blowflies. The latter result suggests that local wing deformation depends to a considerable degree on how inertial and aerodynamic forces are distributed on the wing surface during wing flapping. Stiffness increases with an increasing body mass, amounting to ∼0.6 Nm
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