Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30642436›Full record

ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2019

Vascular dysfunction-The disregarded partner of Alzheimer's disease.

Melanie D Sweeney, Axel Montagne, Abhay P Sagare, Daniel A Nation, Lon S Schneider, Helena C Chui, Michael G Harrington, Judy Pa, Meng Law, Danny J J Wang and 59 more

Erratum issuedOpen access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 437 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
437citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
61.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

437 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 698 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Baseline cognition and demographic, lifestyle, and cardiovascular risk factors in US POINTER.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Distinct ocular microvascular alterations in Alzheimer's disease and cerebral small vessel disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Endothelial KLF4 depletion drives age-related neurovascular dysfunction and neuropsychiatric impairment.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  20. Article

377 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

69 authors at 20 institutions in 12 countries.

Melanie D SweeneyDepartment of Physiology and Neuroscience, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Axel MontagneDepartment of Physiology and Neuroscience, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Abhay P SagareDepartment of Physiology and Neuroscience, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Daniel A NationDepartment of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Lon S SchneiderAlzheimer's Disease Research Center, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and the Behavioral Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Helena C ChuiAlzheimer's Disease Research Center, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Michael G HarringtonHuntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Judy PaLaboratory of Neuro Imaging (LONI), Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Meng LawAlzheimer's Disease Research Center, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Danny J J WangLaboratory of Neuro Imaging (LONI), Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Russell E JacobsDepartment of Physiology and Neuroscience, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Fergus N DoubalNeuroimaging Sciences and Brain Research Imaging Center, Division of Neuroimaging Sciences, Center for Clinical Brain Sciences, UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, UK.
Joel RamirezLC Campbell Cognitive Neurology Research Unit, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Heart and Stroke Foundation Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Sandra E BlackDepartment of Medicine (Neurology), Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, and LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology Research Unit, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Maiken NedergaardSection for Translational Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Division of Glia Disease and Therapeutics, Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical School, Rochester, NY, USA.
Helene BenvenisteDepartment of Anesthesiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Martin DichgansInstitute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), Ludwing-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.
Costantino IadecolaFeil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Seth LoveInstitute of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Bristol, School of Medicine, Level 2 Learning and Research, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK.
Philip M BathStroke Trials Unit, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, UK; Stroke, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, UK.
Hugh S MarkusStroke Research Group, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.
Rustam Al-Shahi SalmanNeuroimaging Sciences and Brain Research Imaging Center, Division of Neuroimaging Sciences, Center for Clinical Brain Sciences, UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, UK.
Stuart M AllanFaculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Terence J QuinnInstitute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Rajesh N KalariaNeurovascular Research Group, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
David J WerringStroke Research Centre, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Institute of Neurology and the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK.
Roxana O CarareFaculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
Rhian M TouyzBritish Heart Foundation, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK.
Steve C R WilliamsDepartment of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Michael A MoskowitzStroke and Neurovascular Regulation Laboratory, Departments of Radiology and Neurology Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Zvonimir S KatusicDepartment of Anesthesiology and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA.
Sarah E LutzDepartment of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Orly LazarovDepartment of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Richard D MinshallDepartment of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Jalees RehmanDepartment of Pharmacology, The Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Medicine, The Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, The University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
Thomas P DavisDepartment of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Cheryl L WellingtonDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Hector M GonzálezDepartment of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.
Chun YuanDepartment of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Samuel N LockhartDepartment of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Timothy M HughesDepartment of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Christopher L H ChenDepartment of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Memory Aging and Cognition Centre, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Memory Aging and Cognition Centre, National University Health System, Singapore.
Perminder SachdevCentre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales Australia, Sydney, Australia.
John T O'BrienDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK.
Ingmar SkoogDepartment of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.
Leonardo Pantoni"L. Sacco" Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Deborah R GustafsonDepartment of Neurology, State University of New York-Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
Geert Jan BiesselsDepartment of Neurology, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Anders WallinInstitute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenberg, Sweden.
Eric E SmithHotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Vincent MokDepartment of Medicine and Therapeutics, Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Centre for Prevention of Dementia, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Gerald Choa Neuroscience Centre, Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Adrian WongDepartment of Medicine and Therapeutics, Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Centre for Prevention of Dementia, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Peter PassmoreSchool of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
Frederick BarkofDepartment of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, University College London, London, UK.
Majon MullerSection of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Monique M B BretelerDepartment of Population Health Sciences, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Gustavo C RománDepartment of Neurology, Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
Edith HamelLaboratory of Cerebrovascular Research, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Sudha SeshadriThe Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
Rebecca F GottesmanDepartments of Neurology and Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Mark A van BuchemDepartment of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Zoe ArvanitakisDepartment of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA; Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
Julie A SchneiderDepartment of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA; Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
Lester R DrewesLaboratory of Cerebral Vascular Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School Duluth, Duluth, MN, USA.
Vladimir HachinskiDivision of Neurology, Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
Caleb E FinchLeonard Davis School of Gerontology, Dornsife College, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Arthur W TogaAlzheimer's Disease Research Center, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (LONI), Stevens Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Joanna M WardlawNeuroimaging Sciences and Brain Research Imaging Center, Division of Neuroimaging Sciences, Center for Clinical Brain Sciences, UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, UK.
Berislav V ZlokovicDepartment of Physiology and Neuroscience, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Electronic address: zlokovic@usc.edu.
University of Southern California · USWellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging · GBUniversity of Illinois Chicago · USChinese University of Hong Kong · HKRush University Medical Center · USSunnybrook Health Science Centre · CAUniversity of Cambridge · GBUniversity of Gothenburg · SEWake Forest University · USAmsterdam Neuroscience · NLAmsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam · NLBoston University · USBritish Heart Foundation · GBCornell University · USDepartment of Health and Aged Care · AUHarvard University · USHouston Methodist · USHuntington Medical Research Institutes · USJohns Hopkins University · USLeiden University Medical Center · NL

Funding

VIRUS-INDUCED BRAIN PATHOLOGYP50AG005131 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI BREWER, JAMES B · 1985 to 2018
$55.4M
VASCULAR RISK AND COGNITIVE STATUS IN A LATINO POPULATIONP50AG005142 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI BRASKIE, MEREDITH NICOLE · 1985 to 2019
$41.0M
'T V ASSESSMENT - MEMORY DISORDERED PATIENTS'P50AG005146 · NIA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI ALBERT, MARILYN S. · 1985 to 2019
$37.6M
Strengthening Stakeholder Engagement in Human Research Protections.UL1TR002003 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO · PI KARNIK, NIRANJAN SUBHASH, MERMELSTEIN, ROBIN J. · 2016 to 2024
$33.7M
Subclinical Vascular Contributions to Alzheimer's Disease: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) Multisite Study of AD (Renewal)R01AG058969 · NIA · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI Timothy M. Hughes, YONGMEI LIU · 2018 to 2026
$33.4M
Research Education ComponentP30AG066507 · NIA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI MARILYN S. ALBERT · 2020 to 2026
$29.3M
Vascular Contributions to Dementia and Genetic Risk Factors for Alzheimer's DiseaseP01AG052350 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI ARTHUR W TOGA · 2016 to 2026
$28.4M
UC Davis Alzheimer's Disease Core CenterP30AG010129 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS · PI DECARLI, CHARLES · 1991 to 2020
$28.3M
PRECURSORS OF STROKE INCIDENCE AND PROGNOSISR01NS017950 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER · PI Hugo Javier Aparicio, Jose Rafael Romero · 1985 to 2026
$22.9M
MRI Measures of Cerebrovascular Injury and AD Atrophy in a Study of LatinosRF1AG054548 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI DECARLI, CHARLES, GONZALEZ, HECTOR M · 2017 to 2017
$14.7M
TR&D3: Intrinsic Surface MappingP41EB015922 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI VAN HORN, JOHN DARRELL · 2012 to 2022
$14.1M
Temporal Trends, Novel Imaging and Molecular Characterization of Preclinical and Clinical Alzheimer's Disease in the Framingham CohortsR01AG054076 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER · PI DECARLI, CHARLES, SESHADRI, SUDHA · 2016 to 2020
$12.3M
Chief Scientist Office ETM/326Medical Research Council G0400074Medical Research Council G0500247Medical Research Council G0502157Medical Research Council G0900652Medical Research Council G1002605Medical Research Council G108/613Medical Research Council G1100540Medical Research Council MC_PC_14095Medical Research Council MR/J006971/1Medical Research Council MR/K015397/1Medical Research Council MR/L023784/2NCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR002002NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002003NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL096814NIA NIH HHS K24 AG052573NIA NIH HHS P01 AG052350NIA NIH HHS P30 AG010129NIA NIH HHS P30 AG049638NIA NIH HHS P30 AG066507NIA NIH HHS P50 AG005131NIA NIH HHS P50 AG005142NIA NIH HHS P50 AG005146NIA NIH HHS R01 AG023084NIA NIH HHS R01 AG039452NIA NIH HHS R01 AG040282NIA NIH HHS R01 AG048769NIA NIH HHS R01 AG053938NIA NIH HHS R01 AG054069NIA NIH HHS R01 AG054076NIA NIH HHS R01 AG058969NIA NIH HHS R21 AG056952NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG039452NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG050745NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG054548NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG057575NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG059621NIA NIH HHS T32 AG057468NIA NIH HHS U01 AG052409NIBIB NIH HHS P41 EB015922NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS017950NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS034179NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS034467NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS037853NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS090904NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS095441NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS100366NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS100447NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS100459NINDS NIH HHS R37 NS034179NINDS NIH HHS R37 NS089323NINDS NIH HHS RF1 NS110049NINDS NIH HHS UH3 NS100605
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Increasing evidence recognizes Alzheimer's disease (AD) as a multifactorial and heterogeneous disease with multiple contributors to its pathophysiology, including vascular dysfunction. The recently updated AD Research Framework put forth by the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association describes a biomarker-based pathologic definition of AD focused on amyloid, tau, and neuronal injury. In response to this article, here we first discussed evidence that vascular dysfunction is an important early event in AD pathophysiology. Next, we examined various imaging sequences that could be easily implemented to evaluate different types of vascular dysfunction associated with, and/or contributing to, AD pathophysiology, including changes in blood-brain barrier integrity and cerebral blood flow. Vascular imaging biomarkers of small vessel disease of the brain, which is responsible for >50% of dementia worldwide, including AD, are already established, well characterized, and easy to recognize. We suggest that these vascular biomarkers should be incorporated into the AD Research Framework to gain a better understanding of AD pathophysiology and aid in treatment efforts.

Indexed as

BiomarkersAlzheimer DiseaseAmyloid beta-PeptidesBlood-Brain BarrierBrainCerebrovascular CirculationHumansNational Institute on Aging (U.S.)United StatesVascular DiseasesWhite MatterAmyloid beta-PeptidesBiomarkersAlzheimer's diseaseBiomarkersBlood-brain barrierCerebral blood flowMRIVascular

Identifiers

PMID30642436
PMCPMC6338083
OpenAlexW2910508414

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.