Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30641975›Full record

ArticleMicroorganisms2019

Socioeconomic Status and the Gut Microbiome: A TwinsUK Cohort Study.

Ruth C E Bowyer, Matthew A Jackson, Caroline I Le Roy, Mary Ni Lochlainn, Tim D Spector, Jennifer B Dowd, Claire J Steves

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Microorganisms, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
77citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

77 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  17. Examining the healthy human microbiome concept.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025
    Review
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17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ruth C E BowyerThe Department of Twin Research, Kings College London, 3-4th Floor South Wing Block D, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK. ruth.c.bowyer@kcl.ac.uk.
Matthew A JacksonThe Department of Twin Research, Kings College London, 3-4th Floor South Wing Block D, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK. matthew.jackson@kennedy.ox.ac.uk.
Caroline I Le RoyThe Department of Twin Research, Kings College London, 3-4th Floor South Wing Block D, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK. caroline.le_roy@kcl.ac.uk.
Mary Ni LochlainnThe Department of Twin Research, Kings College London, 3-4th Floor South Wing Block D, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK. mary.ni_lochlainn@kcl.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0001-5702-1759
Tim D SpectorThe Department of Twin Research, Kings College London, 3-4th Floor South Wing Block D, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK. tim.spector@kcl.ac.uk.
Jennifer B DowdDepartment of Global Health & Social Medicine, King's Building, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK. jennifer.dowd@kcl.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0003-2006-5656
Claire J StevesThe Department of Twin Research, Kings College London, 3-4th Floor South Wing Block D, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK. Claire.j.steves@kcl.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0002-4910-0489

Funding

The representative microbiome: social determinants and tools for population researchR21AI121784 · NIAID · GRADUATE SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND HEALTH POLICY · PI DOWD, JENNIFER BEAM · 2016 to 2017
$446k
Medical Research Council MR/N01183X/1Medical Research Council MR/N030125/1NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI121784NIH HHS R21 AI21784-01Wellcome Trust WT081878MA
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Socioeconomic inequalities in health and mortality are well established, but the biological mechanisms underlying these associations are less understood. In parallel, the gut microbiome is emerging as a potentially important determinant of human health, but little is known about its broader environmental and social determinants. We test the association between gut microbiota composition and individual- and area-level socioeconomic factors in a well-characterized twin cohort. In this study, 1672 healthy volunteers from twin registry TwinsUK had data available for at least one socioeconomic measure, existing fecal 16S rRNA microbiota data, and all considered co-variables. Associations with socioeconomic status (SES) were robust to adjustment for known health correlates of the microbiome; conversely, these health-microbiome associations partially attenuated with adjustment for SES. Twins discordant for IMD (Index of Multiple Deprivation) were shown to significantly differ by measures of compositional dissimilarity, with suggestion the greater the difference in twin pair IMD, the greater the dissimilarity of their microbiota. Future research should explore how SES might influence the composition of the gut microbiota and its potential role as a mediator of differences associated with SES.

Indexed as

microbiomemicrobiotaSESsociobiomesocioeconomic status

Identifiers

PMID30641975
PMCPMC6351927

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.