Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30637568›Full record

ArticleInjury epidemiology2019

A cohort study to identify and evaluate concussion risk factors across multiple injury settings: findings from the CARE Consortium.

Kathryn L Van Pelt, Dain Allred, Kenneth L Cameron, Darren E Campbell, Christopher J D'Lauro, Xuming He, Megan N Houston, Brian R Johnson, Tim F Kelly, Gerald McGinty and 8 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Injury epidemiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  18. Brain architecture-based vulnerability to traumatic injury.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Kathryn L Van PeltNeuroTrauma Research Laboratory, University of Michigan, 401 Washtenaw Ave, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA. kloconn@umich.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5494-2357
Dain AllredUnited States Air Force Academy, 2355 Faculty Drive, Suite 1N207, U.S. Air Force Academy, CO, 80840, USA.
Kenneth L CameronJohn A. Feagin Jr. Sports Medicine Fellowship, Keller Army Community Hospital, 900 Washington Rd, West Point, NY, 10996, USA.
Darren E CampbellUnited States Air Force Academy, 2355 Faculty Drive, Suite 1N207, U.S. Air Force Academy, CO, 80840, USA.
Christopher J D'LauroUnited States Air Force Academy, 2355 Faculty Drive, Suite 1N207, U.S. Air Force Academy, CO, 80840, USA.
Xuming HeDepartment of Statistics, University of Michigan, 1085 South University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
Megan N HoustonJohn A. Feagin Jr. Sports Medicine Fellowship, Keller Army Community Hospital, 900 Washington Rd, West Point, NY, 10996, USA.
Brian R JohnsonUnited States Air Force Academy, 2355 Faculty Drive, Suite 1N207, U.S. Air Force Academy, CO, 80840, USA.
Tim F KellyDepartment of Intercollegiate Athletics, United States Military Academy, 639 Howard Road, West Point, NY, 10996, USA.
Gerald McGintyUnited States Air Force Academy, 2355 Faculty Drive, Suite 1N207, U.S. Air Force Academy, CO, 80840, USA.
Sean MeehanSchool of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, 401 Washtenaw Ave, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA.
Patrick G O'DonnellUnited States Coast Guard Academy, 31 Mohegan Ave Pkwy, New London, CT, 06320, USA.
Karen Y PeckJohn A. Feagin Jr. Sports Medicine Fellowship, Keller Army Community Hospital, 900 Washington Rd, West Point, NY, 10996, USA.
Steven J SvobodaMedStar, 1120 20th Street NW, Washington DC, 20036, USA.
Paul PasquinaDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.
Thomas McAllisterIndiana University School of Medicine, Goodman Hall, 355 W. 16th St., Suite 4800, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
Michael McCreaMedical College of Wisconsin, Department of Neurosurgery, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
Steven P BroglioNeuroTrauma Research Laboratory, University of Michigan, 401 Washtenaw Ave, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA.

Funding

National Collegiate Athletic Association 1U.S. Department of Defense W81XWH-14-2-0151
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundConcussion, or mild traumatic brain injury, is a major public health concern affecting 42 million individuals globally each year. However, little is known regarding concussion risk factors across all concussion settings as most concussion research has focused on only sport-related or military-related concussive injuries.

methodsThe current study is part of the Concussion, Assessment, Research, and Education (CARE) Consortium, a multi-site investigation on the natural history of concussion. Cadets at three participating service academies completed annual baseline assessments, which included demographics, medical history, and concussion history, along with the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT) symptom checklist and Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18). Clinical and research staff recorded the date and injury setting at time of concussion. Generalized mixed models estimated concussion risk with service academy as a random effect. Since concussion was a rare event, the odds ratios were assumed to approximate relative risk.

resultsBeginning in 2014, 10,604 (n = 2421, 22.83% female) cadets enrolled over 3 years. A total of 738 (6.96%) cadets experienced a concussion, 301 (2.84%) concussed cadets were female. Female sex and previous concussion were the most consistent estimators of concussion risk across all concussion settings. Compared to males, females had 2.02 (95% CI: 1.70-2.40) times the risk of a concussion regardless of injury setting, and greater relative risk when the concussion occurred during sport (Odds Ratio (OR): 1.38 95% CI: 1.07-1.78). Previous concussion was associated with 1.98 (95% CI: 1.65-2.37) times increased risk for any incident concussion, and the magnitude was relatively stable across all concussion settings (OR: 1.73 to 2.01). Freshman status was also associated with increased overall concussion risk, but was driven by increased risk for academy training-related concussions (OR: 8.17 95% CI: 5.87-11.37). Medical history of headaches in the past 3 months, diagnosed ADD/ADHD, and BSI-18 Somatization symptoms increased overall concussion risk.

conclusionsVarious demographic and medical history factors are associated with increased concussion risk. While certain factors (e.g. sex and previous concussion) are consistently associated with increased concussion risk, regardless of concussion injury setting, other factors significantly influence concussion risk within specific injury settings. Further research is required to determine whether these risk factors may aid in concussion risk reduction or prevention.

Indexed as

EpidemiologyInjuryRiskTraumatic brain injury

Identifiers

PMID30637568
PMCPMC6330552

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.