SynthesisCurrent diabetes reports2019
Breastfeeding and Type 2 Diabetes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Current diabetes reports, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review of breastfeeding prevalence, duration and determining factors in women with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2026Pooled it
- Breastfeeding association with DNA methylation in the pregnancy and childhood epigenetics (PACE) consortium.Clinical epigenetics · 2026Pooled it
- Associations of breastfeeding with maternal and child health outcomes: umbrella review.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Breastfeeding and risk of food allergy and allergic rhinitis in offspring: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.European journal of pediatrics · 2024Pooled it
- An Integrative Review of Exclusive Breast Milk Expression.Journal of midwifery & women's healthPooled it
- Overcoming Barriers to Exclusive Breastfeeding in Lao PDR: Social Transfer Intervention Randomised Controlled Trial.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- Effects of an Online Theory-Based Educational Programme for Primiparous Women on Improving Breastfeeding-Related Outcomes: A Randomised Controlled Trial.Scandinavian journal of caring sciences · 2025Trial
- Safety and Suitability of an Infant Formula Manufactured from Extensively Hydrolysed Protein in Healthy Term Infants.Nutrients · 2023Trial
- Perceptions of Coping With Breastfeeding Pain: A Secondary Analysis.Journal of midwifery & women's healthTrial
- A prospective controlled study assessing postpartum breastfeeding in women with type 2 diabetes: lower rates associated with elevated BMI rather than diabetes.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Diabetes Type 2 in Women: The Impact of EndogenousOestrogen, A Population-Based Study With About 2 Decades of Follow-Up.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026Article
- A multiomic investigation of human milk-derived extracellular vesicles in perinatal HIV and antiretroviral therapy exposure.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Observational
- The Motor Neuromuscular Axis: The Overlooked Element of Developmental Programming in Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Nature vs nurture of glucose homeostasis trajectories in children from the ALSPAC study.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Breastfeeding at discharge or transfer from the maternity hospital: results from the German Perinatal Statistics 2021.International breastfeeding journal · 2026Article
- Impact of nurse-focused Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative training program on mothers' breastfeeding practices at hospital discharge: a quasi-experimental study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Interventions Aiming to Improve Breastfeeding Duration Among Primiparous Women: A Scoping Review.Pediatric reports · 2026Review
- Spatial inequalities in breastfeeding initiation in the United States: A multiscale analysis of county-level determinants.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Rules of Thumb for Estimating Drug Levels in Breast Milk: How Well Do They Work?Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Article
- Review
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purpose of reviewBreastfeeding has short- and long-term benefits for child health. In this systematic review, we updated a review on the association between breastfeeding and type 2 diabetes. RECENT
findingsA meta-analysis published in 2015 reported that breastfeeding protects against type 2 diabetes (pooled odds ratio, 0.65 (95% confidence interval, 0.48; 0.86)). In the present update, we identified three recently published studies. An internet-based study reported that at a mean age of 25.6 years, exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months protected against type 2 diabetes (odds ratio, 0.63 (95% confidence interval, 0.41; 0.95)). In a retrospective cohort, those subjects who had been breastfed before hospital discharge were less likely of presenting diabetes (odds ratio, 0.83 (95% confidence interval, 0.69; 0.99)). In a case-control study, the odds of type 2 diabetes in adolescents was lower for those exclusively breastfed at hospital discharge (odds ratio, 0.52 (95% confidence interval, 0.36; 0.74)). In the meta-analysis, the pooled odds ratio was 0.67 (95% confidence interval, 0.56; 0.80). The updated systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that breastfeeding protects from type 2 diabetes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
30637535What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.