ArticleGlobal mental health (Cambridge, England)2018
Depression screening in HIV-positive Tanzanian adults: comparing the PHQ-2, PHQ-9 and WHO-5 questionnaires.
Article in Global mental health (Cambridge, England), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global Systematic Review of Common Mental Health Disorders in Adults Living with HIV.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2021Pooled it
- Implementation strategies to integrate HIV and hypertension care in Kampala and Wakiso districts, Uganda: study protocol for a stepped wedge cluster randomized trial (PULESA-Uganda).BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Persistent Depression and Suicidal Ideation in People Living with HIV in Tanzania: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- COVID-19 school closures and mental health of adolescent students: Evidence from rural Mozambique.SSM. Mental health · 2023Article
- Socio-ecological factors associated with probable depression among pregnant and parenting adolescent girls: findings from a cross-sectional study in Burkina Faso and Malawi.Reproductive health · 2023Article
- Prevalence, severity, and associated factors of depression in newly diagnosed people living with HIV in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
- The significance of feeling safe for resilience of adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Depressive Symptoms and Associated Factors Among People Living with HIV/AIDS and Undergoing Antiretroviral Therapy: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Amathole District, South Africa.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2023Article
- Validity of the patient health questionnaires (phq-2 and phq-9) for screening depression among human immunodeficiency virus patients in Lahore, Pakistan.World journal of virology · 2022Article
- Food insecurity and substance use in people with HIV infection and substance use disorder.Substance abuse · 2022Article
- Menstrual health challenges in the workplace and consequences for women's work and wellbeing: A cross-sectional survey in Mukono, Uganda.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- Construct validity and internal consistency of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) depression screening measure translated into two Ugandan languages.Psychiatry research communications · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
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Abstract
backgroundHIV-positive individuals are at significantly increased risk of depression. In low- and middle-income countries, depression is frequently under-detected, hampered by a lack of data regarding available screening tools. The 5-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5) is widely used to screen for depression, yet its validity in African adults with HIV has yet to be examined.
methodsIn this cross-sectional study, we enrolled HIV-positive adults presenting to an outpatient HIV clinic in Mwanza, Tanzania. Patients were administered the Patient Health Questionnaires (PHQ)-2/9 and WHO-5 questionnaires. The rate of positive screens was calculated. Fisher's exact test and Pearson's correlation coefficients between PHQ-2/9 and WHO-5 scores were calculated.
resultsWe enrolled 72 HIV-positive adults: rates of positive depression screen were 62.5%, 77.8%, and 47.2% according to PHQ-2, PHQ-9, and WHO-5, respectively. PHQ and WHO results for depression were significantly associated (Fisher's exact test: PHQ-2
conclusionsWHO-5 scores correlated well with those of the PHQ-9, suggesting that the WHO-5 represents a valid screening tool. The concordance of PHQ-9 and WHO-5 results was poorer in marginalized socioeconomic groups. Positive depression screens were exceedingly common among HIV-positive Tanzanian adults according to all three questionnaires.
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