ArticleActa diabetologica2019
Light smoking is associated with metabolic syndrome risk factors in Chilean young adults.
Article in Acta diabetologica, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- A dose-response meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2022Pooled it
- Associations of dual use and conventional cigarette smoking with metabolic syndrome in Korean adults: a population-based study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Snus and Cardiometabolic Health Markers Among Swedish Young Adults.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- 2025 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2025Review
- 2024 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2024Review
- Substance use and incidence of metabolic syndrome before midlife among military adults: the CHIEF cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2023 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2023Review
- Interactive associations of smoking and physical activity with metabolic syndrome in adult men in Korea.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Association of combined healthy lifestyle with general and abdominal obesity.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- The influence of metabolic syndrome on age-related hearing loss from the perspective of mitochondrial dysfunction.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Review
- Incidence and long-term specific mortality trends of metabolic syndrome in the United States.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Resolving early obesity leads to a cardiometabolic profile within normal ranges at 23 years old in a two-decade prospective follow-up study.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Cannabis use and metabolic syndrome among clients with first episode psychosis.Early intervention in psychiatry · 2021Article
- Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2021 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2021Article
- The Effects of Smoking on Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components Using Causal Methods in the Iranian Population.International journal of preventive medicine · 2021Article
- Review
- Cigarette type or smoking history: Which has a greater impact on the metabolic syndrome and its components?Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Accuracy of a Semi-Quantitative Ultrasound Method to Determine Liver Fat Infiltration in Early Adulthood.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Establishment of a novel system for the preoperative prediction of adherent perinephric fat (APF) occurrence based on a multi-mode and multi-parameter analysis of dual-energy CT.Translational andrology and urology · 2019Article
- Application value of dual-energy computed tomography spectrum curve combined with clinical risk factors in predicting adherent perinephric fat.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aimsMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases. While cigarette smoking is associated with MetS in adults, young adulthood is an under-studied, susceptible period for developing long-term morbidity from MetS. We examined associations between cigarette smoking and MetS risk factors.
methodsWe studied 430 participants in Santiago, Chile who have been followed in a longitudinal cohort since infancy and assessed in adolescence for MetS. Participants were evaluated at 22 years from May 2015 to July 2017. Adiposity, blood pressure, and blood samples were measured. MetS was defined using International Diabetes Federation criteria. A continuous MetS score was calculated using z-scores. Participants self-reported cigarette and alcohol consumption using standardized questionnaires. We used multivariate regressions to examine associations between smoking and MetS risk factors, adjusting for sex, MetS in adolescence, alcohol consumption, and socioeconomic status.
resultsThirteen percent of participants had MetS and 50% were current smokers. Among smokers, mean age of initiation was 14.9 years and consumption was 29 cigarettes weekly. Smokers had larger waist circumferences, higher BMIs, and lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol compared to non-smokers. Being a current smoker was significantly associated with higher waist circumference (β = 2.82; 95% CI 0.63, 5.02), lower HDL (β = - 3.62; 95% CI - 6.19, - 1.04), higher BMI (β = 1.22; 95% CI 0.16, 2.28), and higher MetS score (β = 0.13, 95% CI 0.02, 0.24).
conclusionsCigarette smoking at light levels (mean < 30 cigarettes weekly) was associated with MetS risk factors in a sample of Chilean young adults.
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