ArticleHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics2019
Evidence for cross-protection but not type-replacement over the 11 years after human papillomavirus vaccine introduction.
Article in Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epidemiological approaches to evaluate clinical unmasking of HPV-associated cervical lesions in the HPV vaccination era.International journal of cancer · 2026Review
- HPV Type Replacement After HPV Vaccination.Current topics in microbiology and immunology · 2026Review
- Vaccine-preventable HPV burden and cervical abnormalities in women during 2022-2024 Octobre Rose campaigns in Libreville.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Ten-year evaluation of HPV vaccine influence on non-vaccine-type-related cervical infections and precancers in Chinese females: follow-up from a randomized control trial.Journal of the National Cancer Center · 2025Article
- Cancer of the cervix uteri: 2025 update.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2025Review
- Successful Retrieval of Human Papillomavirus DNA in Veil-Based Collected Female Genital Secretions After Long-Term Storage in Universal Transport Medium.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Pattern of multiple human papillomavirus infection and type competition: An analysis in healthy Chinese women aged 18-45 years.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- Comparative study of triage strategies for women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance in the post-vaccine era.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Factors associated with uptake of human papilloma virus vaccine among school girls aged 9-14 years in Lira City northern Uganda: a cross-sectional study.BMC women's health · 2023Article
- Effectiveness of quadrivalent HPV vaccination in reducing vaccine-type and nonvaccine-type high risk HPV infection.Epidemiology and infection · 2023Article
- Ability of epidemiological studies to monitor HPV post-vaccination dynamics: a simulation study.Epidemiology and infection · 2023Article
- High Prevalence of HPV 51 in an Unvaccinated Population and Implications for HPV Vaccines.Vaccines · 2022Article
- Pathogen evolution during vaccination campaigns.PLoS biology · 2022Article
- Cancer of the cervix uteri: 2021 update.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2021Article
- Incidence and Types of Human Papillomavirus Infections in Adolescent Girls and Young Women Immunized With the Human Papillomavirus Vaccine.JAMA network open · 2021Article
- Distribution of HPV genotypes among women with abnormal cytology results in Alberta, Canada.Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada = Journal officiel de l'Association pour la microbiologie medicale et l'infectiologie Canada · 2021Article
- Trend of HPV 16/18 Genotypes in Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 3: Data for 2007-2018.Infection and drug resistance · 2021Article
- Ambulatory anal self-sampling in MSM living with HIV, an acceptable and reliable screening method.PloS one · 2021Article
- Strong reduction in prevalence of HPV16/18 and closely related HPV types in sexually active adolescent women following the introduction of HPV vaccination in Argentina.Papillomavirus research (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2020Article
- Epidemiologic Profile of Type-Specific Human Papillomavirus Infection after Initiation of HPV Vaccination.Vaccines · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Examination of cross-protection and type replacement after human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine introduction is essential to guide vaccination recommendations and policies. The aims of this study were to examine trends in non-vaccine-type HPV: 1) genetically related to vaccine types (to assess for cross-protection) and 2) genetically unrelated to vaccine types (to assess for type replacement), among young women 13-26 years of age during the 11 years after HPV vaccine introduction. Participants were recruited from a hospital-based teen health center and a community health department for four cross-sectional surveillance studies between 2006 and 2017. Participants completed a survey that assessed sociodemographic characteristics and behaviors, and cervicovaginal swabs were collected and tested for 36 HPV genotypes. We determined changes in proportions of non-vaccine-type HPV prevalence and conducted logistic regression to determine the odds of infection across the surveillance studies, propensity-score adjusted to control for selection bias. Analyses were stratified by vaccination status. Among vaccinated women who received only the 4-valent vaccine (n = 1,540), the adjusted prevalence of HPV types genetically related to HPV16 decreased significantly by 45.8% (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.31-0.74) from 2006-2017, demonstrating evidence of cross-protection. The adjusted prevalence of HPV types genetically related to HPV18 did not change significantly (14.2% decrease, AOR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.56-1.21). The adjusted prevalence of HPV types genetically unrelated to vaccine types did not change significantly (4.2% increase, AOR = 1.09, CI = 0.80-1.48), demonstrating no evidence of type replacement. Further studies are needed to monitor for cross-protection and possible type replacement after introduction of the 9-valent HPV vaccine.
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