ArticleSchizophrenia research2019
A longitudinal magnetic resonance spectroscopy study investigating effects of risperidone in the anterior cingulate cortex and hippocampus in schizophrenia.
Article in Schizophrenia research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-analytic evidence of elevated choline, reduced N-acetylaspartate, and normal creatine in schizophrenia and their moderation by measurement quality, echo time, and medication status.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2023Pooled it
- Glutamatergic and GABAergic metabolite levels in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders: a meta-analysis ofMolecular psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Higher-order functional brain networks and anterior cingulate glutamate + glutamine (Glx) in antipsychotic-naïve first episode psychosis patients.Translational psychiatry · 2024Trial
- Cerebral glutamate levels over two years in initially antipsychotic-naïve first-episode patients with psychosis are related to clinical symptoms and cognition.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- A longitudinal study of hippocampal subfield volumes and hippocampal glutamate levels in antipsychotic-naïve first episode psychosis patients.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Changes in glutamate levels in anterior cingulate cortex following 16 weeks of antipsychotic treatment in antipsychotic-naïve first-episode psychosis patients.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Mapping the cellular etiology of schizophrenia and complex brain phenotypes.Nature neuroscience · 2025Article
- Glutamatergic basis of antipsychotic response in first-episode psychosis: a dual voxel study of the anterior cingulate cortex.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Reduction of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) in association with relapse in early-stage psychosis: a 7-Tesla MRS study.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Resting state and activated brain glutamate-glutamine, brain lactate, cognition, and psychopathology among males with schizophrenia: A 3 Tesla proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic (1H-MRS) study.Indian journal of psychiatry · 2024Article
- The relationship between striatal dopamine and anterior cingulate glutamate in first episode psychosis changes with antipsychotic treatment.Translational psychiatry · 2023Article
- Hippocampal Hyperconnectivity to the Visual Cortex Predicts Treatment Response.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2023Article
- Anterior cingulate glutamate metabolites as a predictor of antipsychotic response in first episode psychosis: data from the STRATA collaboration.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2023Article
- Hippocampal Glutamate, Resting Perfusion and the Effects of Cannabidiol in Psychosis Risk.Schizophrenia bulletin open · 2023Article
- Glutamatergic dysfunction in Schizophrenia.Translational psychiatry · 2022Review
- Dorsal striatial hypoconnectivity predicts antipsychotic medication treatment response in first-episode psychosis and unmedicated patients with schizophrenia.Brain and behavior · 2022Article
- White Matter Metabolite Relaxation and Diffusion Abnormalities in First-Episode Psychosis: A Longitudinal Study.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2022Article
- The effect of antipsychotics on glutamate levels in the anterior cingulate cortex and clinical response: AFrontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Is There a Glutathione Centered Redox Dysregulation Subtype of Schizophrenia?Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Peripubertal mGluR2/3 Agonist Treatment Prevents Hippocampal Dysfunction and Dopamine System Hyperactivity in Adulthood in MAM Model of Schizophrenia.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy is a popular approach to probe brain chemistry in schizophrenia (SZ), but no consensus exists as to the extent of alterations. This may be attributable to differential effects of populations studied, brain regions examined, or antipsychotic medication effects. Here, we measured neurometabolites in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and hippocampus, two structurally dissimilar brain regions implicated in the SZ pathophysiology. We enrolled 61 SZ with the goal to scan them before and after six weeks of treatment with risperidone. We also scanned 31 matched healthy controls twice, six weeks apart. Using mixed effect repeated measures linear models to examine the effect of group and time on metabolite levels in each voxel, we report an increase in hippocampal glutamate + glutamine (Glx) in SZ compared to controls (p = 0.043), but no effect of antipsychotic medication (p = 0.330). In the ACC, we did not find metabolite alterations or antipsychotic medication related changes after six weeks of treatment with risperidone. The coefficients for the discriminant function (differentiating SZ from HC) in the ACC were greatest for NAA (-0.83), and in the hippocampus for Glx (0.76), the same metabolites were associated with greater treatment response in patients at trend level. Taken together, our data extends the existing literature by demonstrating regionally distinct metabolite alterations in the same patient group and suggests that antipsychotic medications may have limited effects on metabolite levels in these regions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.