ArticlePloS one2019
Effectiveness of micronutrient-fortified rice consumption on anaemia and zinc status among vulnerable women in Bangladesh.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Foods Fortified with Zinc, Alone or Cofortified with Multiple Micronutrients, on Health and Functional Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Food Fortification in Improving Nutritional Status of Mothers and Children in Indonesia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Fortification of rice with vitamins and minerals for addressing micronutrient malnutrition.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Visualizing the distribution of various inorganic metals in brown rice by radiotracer experiments.Metallomics : integrated biometal science · 2026Article
- Impact assessment of fortified rice under the public distribution system: evidence from the tribal regions of Gujarat.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Effect of iron-fortified rice on the hemoglobin level of the individuals aged more than six months: A meta-analysis of controlled trials.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2022Review
- Anaemia in women of reproductive age in low- and middle-income countries: progress towards the 2025 global nutrition target.Bulletin of the World Health Organization · 2022Article
- Food fortification strategies to deliver nutrients for the management of iron deficiency anaemia.Current research in food science · 2022Review
- Geographical variation and temporal trend in anemia among children aged 6-59 months in low- and middle-income countries during 2000-2018: forecasting the 2030 SDG target.Public health nutrition · 2021Article
- Review
- Sensory Acceptability of Dual-Fortified Milled Red and Yellow Lentil (Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Factors Affecting Food Security in Women Enrolled in a Program for Vulnerable Group Development.Current developments in nutrition · 2020Article
- Effectiveness of Workplace Nutrition Programs on Anemia Status among Female Readymade Garment Workers in Bangladesh: A Program Evaluation.Nutrients · 2019Article
- Consumption of rice, acceptability and sensory qualities of fortified rice amongst consumers of social safety net rice in Nepal.PloS one · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Micronutrient deficiency is one of the biggest public health concerns in Bangladesh. As per World Health Organisation (WHO) in the 2016 report, 40% women of reproductive age suffer from anaemia. According to the National Micronutrient Survey 2011-2012, 57% women suffer from zinc deficiency. The objective of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of fortified rice (FFR in addressing anaemia and zinc deficiency among vulnerable women. Baseline and endline surveys were conducted among female Vulnerable Group Development (VDG) beneficiaries in five districts in Bangladesh before and after 12 months of FFR distribution. The intervention group received 30 kg FFR; the control group received 30 kg non-FFR for every month from January 2013 to December 2013. The sample sizes were 870 women (435/group) at baseline and 800 (400/group) at endline. Difference-in-difference (DID) was estimated to measure the effect of FFR on anaemia and serum zinc. In the baseline survey, 39% of the FFR group and 34% of the non-FFR group had anaemia. At endline, 34% of women in the FFR group were anaemic compared to 40.7% in the non-FFR group. At endline, prevalence of anaemia was reduced in the FFR group by 4.8% but increased in the non-FFR group by 6.7%. The DID estimation showed the reduction in anaemia after 12 months of FFR consumption was significant (p = 0.035). The DID in mean haemoglobin level after 12 months of FFR consumption was also statistically significant (p = 0.002). Zinc deficiency decreased by 6% in the FFR group at endline, though the DID was not significant. Most of the respondents of the FFR group reported that they received their entitled rice on a regular basis however only half of the non-FFR respondents received every month in 12 months. Anaemia was significantly associated with not consuming fortified rice, geographical region, older age and heavy menstrual bleeding (P<0.05). FFR reduced anaemia and zinc deficiency prevalence. Replacement of regular rice with FFR in the VGD programme is recommended to reduce anaemia among vulnerable groups.
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