ArticlePloS one2019
The axillary vein and its tributaries are not in the mirror image of the axillary artery and its branches.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 5 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Supermicrosurgery lymphaticovenous and lymphaticolymphatic anastomosis: Technical detail and short-term follow-up for immediate lymphatic reconstruction in breast cancer treatment-related lymphedema prevention.Journal of vascular surgery. Venous and lymphatic disorders · 2024Article
- Neuropathies Following an Ultrasound-Guided Axillary Brachial Plexus Block.Local and regional anesthesia · 2023Article
- Topography and Anatomical Variations of the Axillary Artery.BioMed research international · 2021Article
- Ultrasound- versus landmark-guided subclavian vein catheterization: a prospective observational study from a tertiary referral hospital.Scientific reports · 2019Observational
- Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe axillary and cephalic veins are used for various clinical purposes but their anatomy is not fully understood. Increased knowledge and information about them as well as superficial veins in the upper arm would be useful.
objectiveThe aim of this study is to contribute to the literature regarding the anatomy of the venous drainage of the upper extremity.
methodsThe veins of forty upper extremities from twenty one adult cadavers were injected and their axillary regions dissected. The course and pattern of drainage of the venous tributaries in the axillary region were identified and recorded.
resultsThe basilic, brachial, subscapular, lateral thoracic and superior thoracic veins drained mainly into the axillary vein, in common with most textbook descriptions. However, the thoracoacromial veins were observed to drain into the cephalic vein in 70.0% of upper limbs. In addition, a venous channel connecting the distal part and proximal part of the axilla was found along the posterolateral wall of the axilla in 77.5% of the upper limbs. In 95.0% of upper limbs, we discovered a superficial vein which ran from the axillary base and drained directly into the axillary vein.
conclusionThe veins from the inferomedial part of the axilla drain into the axillary vein, whereas the veins from the superolateral part of the axilla drain into the cephalic vein. The venous drainage of the axilla is variable and in common with venous drainage elsewhere, does not necessarily follow the pattern of the arterial supply.
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