ArticlePloS one2019
Development and characteristics of the Provincial Overdose Cohort in British Columbia, Canada.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Economic and epidemiological burden of medical complications of unregulated drug use among people who inject drugs in Québec.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2026Article
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- Evaluating the association of transferring governance of correctional health care services with overdose and all-cause mortality: a retrospective cohort study in British Columbia, Canada.Health & justice · 2025Article
- Predicting drug overdose and death after "before medically advised" hospital discharge.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2025Article
- The Effect of Opioid Agonist Treatment on Injection-Related Sequelae: A Population-Based Observational Study.Drug safety · 2025Observational
- Optimizing placement of public-access naloxone kits using geospatial analytics: a modelling study.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2025Article
- Chronic disease diagnoses and health service use among people who died of illicit drug toxicity in British Columbia, Canada.BMC medicine · 2024Article
- "Before medically advised" departure from hospital and subsequent drug overdose: a population-based cohort study.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2024Article
- Medical training to effectively support patients who use substances across practice settings: a scoping review of recommended competencies.Canadian medical education journal · 2024Article
- Effect of Risk Mitigation Guidance opioid and stimulant dispensations on mortality and acute care visits during dual public health emergencies: retrospective cohort study.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2024Article
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- The Impact of Longitudinal Substance Use Patterns on the Risk of Opioid Agonist Therapy Discontinuation: A Repeated Measures Latent Class Analysis.International journal of mental health and addiction · 2024Article
- Database quality assessment in research in paramedicine: a scoping review.Scandinavian journal of trauma, resuscitation and emergency medicine · 2023Article
- Delivery of public health interventions by the ambulance sector: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Association between toxic drug events and encephalopathy in British Columbia, Canada: a cross-sectional analysis.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2023Article
- Article
- Stimulant use disorder diagnosis and opioid agonist treatment dispensation following release from prison: a cohort study.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2022Article
- Self-injecting non-prescribed substances into vascular access devices: a case study of one health system's ongoing journey from clinical concern to practice and policy response.Harm reduction journal · 2022Article
- Spatial-temporal trends in the risk of illicit drug toxicity death in British Columbia.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Concurrent use of opioids and stimulants and risk of fatal overdose: A cohort study.BMC public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionBritish Columbia (BC), Canada declared a public health emergency in April 2016 for opioid overdose. Comprehensive data was needed to identify risk factors, inform interventions, and evaluate response actions. We describe the development of an overdose cohort, including linkage strategy, case definitions, and data governance model, and present the resulting characteristics, including data linkage yields and case overlap among data sources.
methodsOverdose events from hospital admissions, physician visits, poison centre and ambulance calls, emergency department visits, and coroner's data were grouped into episodes if records were present in multiple sources. A minimum of five years of universal health care records (all prescription dispensations, fee-for-service physician billings, emergency department visits and hospitalizations) were appended for each individual. A 20% random sample of BC residents and a 1:5 matched case-control set were generated. Consultation and prioritization ensured analysts worked to address questions to directly inform public health actions.
results10,456 individuals suffered 14,292 overdoses from January 1, 2015 to Nov 30, 2016. Only 28% of overdose events were found in more than one dataset with the unique contribution of cases highest from ambulance records (32%). Compared with fatal overdoses, non-fatal events more often involved females, younger individuals (20 to 29 years) and those 60 or older. In 78% of illegal drug deaths, there was no associated ambulance response. In the year prior to first recorded overdose, 60% of individuals had at least one ED visit, 31% at least one hospital admission, 80% at least one physician visit, and 87% had filled at least one prescription in a community pharmacy.
conclusionWhile resource-intensive to establish, a linked cohort is useful for characterizing the full extent of the epidemic, defining sub-populations at risk, and patterns of contact with the health system. Overdose studies in other jurisdictions should consider the inclusion of multiple data sources.
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