ArticleJournal of the National Cancer Institute2019
Urinary Phthalate Biomarker Concentrations and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Risk.
Article in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Association of Bisphenol A and Phthalates with Risk of Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Elevated phthalate exposure and metabolic susceptibility increased breast cancer risk: A 20-y follow-up study in Taiwan.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Evaluating the potential carcinogenic hazard of diisononyl phthalate in humans via systematic integration of human, animal cancer studies, and mechanistic data.Current research in toxicology · 2026Article
- Association between urinary phthalates and phthalate metabolites and cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Personal Care Product Use during Puberty and Incident Breast Cancer among Black, Hispanic/Latina, and White Women in a Prospective US-Wide Cohort.Environmental health perspectives · 2024Article
- Urine Phthalate Metabolites are Elevated in Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Associated with Advanced Cancer Stage and Poor Survival.Cancer management and research · 2024Article
- Use of personal care product mixtures and incident hormone-sensitive cancers in the Sister Study: A U.S.-wide prospective cohort.Environment international · 2024Article
- Endocrine-disrupting compounds and metabolomic reprogramming in breast cancer.Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology · 2023Review
- Association between urinary phthalate biomarker concentrations and adiposity among postmenopausal women.Environmental research · 2023Article
- Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Disease Endpoints.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Dietary patterns and urinary phthalate exposure among postmenopausal women of the Women's Health Initiative.Environmental research · 2023Article
- Article
- Variability in urinary phthalates, phenols, and parabens across childhood and relation to adolescent breast composition in Chilean girls.Environment international · 2022Article
- Protective effects of polyphenols against endocrine disrupting chemicals.Food science and biotechnology · 2022Review
- Association of Serum Levels of Plasticizers Compounds, Phthalates and Bisphenols, in Patients and Survivors of Breast Cancer: A Real Connection?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Medication-Associated Phthalate Exposure and Childhood Cancer Incidence.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2022Article
- Low-level plasticizer exposure and all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in the general population.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2022Article
- Association between recurrent breast cancer and phthalate exposure modified by hormone receptors and body mass index.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Phthalates and Phenols, Leukocyte Telomere Length, and Breast Cancer Risk and Mortality in the Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2022Article
- Hair product use and breast cancer incidence in the Black Women's Health Study.Carcinogenesis · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGrowing laboratory and animal model evidence supports the potentially carcinogenic effects of some phthalates, chemicals used as plasticizers in a wide variety of consumer products, including cosmetics, medications, and vinyl flooring. However, prospective data on whether phthalates are associated with human breast cancer risk are lacking.
methodsWe conducted a nested case-control study within the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) prospective cohort (n = 419 invasive case subjects and 838 control subjects). Control subjects were matched 2:1 to case subjects on age, enrollment date, follow-up time, and WHI study group. We quantified 13 phthalate metabolites and creatinine in two or three urine samples per participant over one to three years. Multivariable conditional logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for breast cancer risk associated with each phthalate biomarker up to 19 years of follow-up.
resultsOverall, we did not observe statistically significant positive associations between phthalate biomarkers and breast cancer risk in multivariable analyses (eg, 4th vs 1st quartile of diethylhexyl phthalate, OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.91 to 1.17). Results were generally similar in analyses restricted to disease subtypes, to nonusers of postmenopausal hormone therapy, stratified by body mass index, or to case subjects diagnosed within three, five, or ten years.
conclusionsIn the first prospective analysis of phthalates and postmenopausal breast cancer, phthalate biomarker concentrations did not result in an increased risk of developing invasive breast cancer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.