Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30629107›Full record

Trial reportThe American journal of clinical nutrition2019

Habitual consumption of long-chain n-3 PUFAs and fish attenuates genetically associated long-term weight gain.

Tao Huang, Tiange Wang, Yoriko Heianza, Yan Zheng, Dianjianyi Sun, Jae H Kang, Louis R Pasquale, Eric B Rimm, JoAnn E Manson, Frank B Hu and 1 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract readClinical Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Polygenic Risk and Nutrient Intake Interactions on Obesity Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2025
    Pooled it
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  11. Impact of Gene-Environment Interactions on Cancer Development.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020
    Review
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  16. Article
  17. Gene-Environment Interactions on Body Fat Distribution.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Tao HuangDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Beijing, China.
Tiange WangDepartment of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yoriko HeianzaDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA.
Yan ZhengState Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute and School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Dianjianyi SunDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA.
Jae H KangChanning Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Louis R PasqualeDepartment of Nutrition, Boston, MA.
Eric B RimmChanning Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
JoAnn E MansonChanning Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Frank B HuChanning Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Lu QiDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA.
Brigham and Women's Hospital · USTulane University · USFudan University · CNMassachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary · USMinistry of Education of the People's Republic of China · CNShanghai Jiao Tong University · CN

Funding

Statistical MethodsP01CA087969 · NCI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI TWOROGER, SHELLEY S · 2000 to 2019
$77.8M
Validity of Diet and Activity Measures in WomenP01CA055075 · NCI · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (SCH OF PUBLIC HLTH) · PI WILLETT, WALTER C. · 1991 to 2009
$41.8M
Transgenic CoreP30DK046200 · NIDDK · TUFTS MEDICAL CENTER · PI CORKEY, BARBARA E. · 1992 to 2021
$25.0M
Long Term Multidisciplinary Study of Cancer in Women: The Nurses Health StudyUM1CA186107 · NCI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI ELIASSEN, A. HEATHER, STAMPFER, MEIR · 2014 to 2023
$22.3M
Molecular pathological epidemiology of colorectal cancerU01CA137088 · NCI · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI PETERS, ULRIKE · 2009 to 2018
$21.8M
Cancer Epidemiology Cohort in Male Health ProfessionalsU01CA167552 · NCI · HARVARD UNIVERSITY D/B/A HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI Lorelei Mucci, Walter C. Willett · 2017 to 2026
$17.0M
RISK FACTORS FOR CVD IN WOMENR01HL034594 · NHLBI · TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA · PI JoAnn Elisabeth Manson, Lu Qi · 1985 to 2026
$13.8M
Cancer Epidemiology Cohort in Male Health ProfessionalsUM1CA167552 · NCI · HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI WILLETT, WALTER C. · 2012 to 2016
$11.5M
BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS IN THE NURSES'HEALTH STUDY COHORTR01CA049449 · NCI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI HANKINSON, SUSAN E · 1989 to 2008
$11.3M
Risk Factors for Ischemic Stroke in WomenR01HL088521 · NHLBI · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI REXRODE, KATHRYN M · 2008 to 2025
$9.9M
Sleep Duration, Childhood Energy Balance, and Insulin Resistance in AdolescenceU54CA155626 · NCI · HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI HU, FRANK B · 2011 to 2015
$9.6M
Statistical Analysis and ProgrammingU19CA055075 · NCI · HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI RIMM, ERIC B · 2010 to 2011
$8.4M
NCI NIH HHS P01 CA055075NCI NIH HHS P01 CA087969NCI NIH HHS R01 CA049449NCI NIH HHS R01 CA134958NCI NIH HHS U01 CA049449NCI NIH HHS U01 CA137088NCI NIH HHS U01 CA167552NCI NIH HHS U19 CA055075NCI NIH HHS U54 CA155626NCI NIH HHS UM1 CA167552NCI NIH HHS UM1 CA186107NEI NIH HHS R01 EY015473NHGRI NIH HHS U01 HG004399NHGRI NIH HHS U01 HG004728NHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201600001CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201600002CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201600003CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201600004CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268201600018CNHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL034594NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL071981NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL073168NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL088521NHLBI NIH HHS R21 HL126024NIDDK NIH HHS K24 DK080140NIDDK NIH HHS K24 DK098311NIDDK NIH HHS P01 DK070756NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK046200NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK058845NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK091718NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK100383
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundA growing amount of data suggests that n-3 (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake may modify the genetic association with weight change.

objectivesWe aimed to prospectively test interactions of habitual consumption of n-3 PUFAs or fish, the major food source, with overall genetic susceptibility on long-term weight change.

designGene-diet interactions were examined in 11,330 women from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS), 6773 men from the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS), and 6254 women from the Women's Health Initiative (WHI).

resultsIn the NHS and HPFS cohorts, food-sourced long-chain n-3 PUFA intake showed directionally consistent interactions with genetic risk score on long-term changes in BMI (P-interaction = 0.01 in the HPFS, 0.15 in the NHS, and 0.01 in both cohorts combined). Such interactions were successfully replicated in the WHI, an independent cohort (P-interaction = 0.02 in the WHI and 0.01 in the combined 3 cohorts). The genetic associations with changes in BMI (in kg/m2) consistently decreased (0.15, 0.10, 0.07, and -0.14 per 10 BMI-increasing alleles) across the quartiles of long-chain n-3 PUFAs in the combined cohorts. In addition, high fish intake also attenuated the genetic associations with long-term changes in BMI in the HPFS (P-interaction = 0.01), NHS (P-interaction = 0.03), WHI (P-interaction = 0.10), and the combined cohorts (P-interaction = 0.01); and the differences in BMI changes per 10 BMI-increasing alleles were 0.16, 0.06, -0.08, and -0.18, respectively, across the categories (≤1, 1∼4, 4∼6, and ≥7 servings/wk) of total fish intake. Similar interactions on body weight were observed for fish intake (P-interaction = 0.003) and long-chain n-3 PUFA intake (P-interaction = 0.12).

conclusionOur study provides replicable evidence to show that high intakes of fish and long-chain n-3 PUFAs are associated with an attenuation of the genetic association with long-term weight gain based on results from 3 prospective cohorts of Caucasians.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAnimalsBody Mass IndexDietDietary SupplementsFatty Acids, Omega-3FemaleFishesFollow-Up StudiesGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansMaleMiddle AgedObesityPolymorphism, Single NucleotideFatty Acids, Omega-3fishgene–diet interactiongenetic associationn–3 polyunsaturated fatty acidsweight gain

Identifiers

PMID30629107
PMCPMC6408206
OpenAlexW2910019538

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.