ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2019
Antigen delivery targeted to tumor-associated macrophages overcomes tumor immune resistance.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 88 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
88 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 140 citations in OpenAlex.
- The soldiers needed to be awakened: Tumor-infiltrating immune cells.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Pooled it
- Glioma microenvironment: Cellular crosstalk, immunosuppression, and novel therapeutic perspectives.Chinese medical journal · 2026Review
- Spatiotemporal multi-omics reveals lineage, spatial and functional heterogeneity of tumor-associated macrophages and therapeutic vulnerabilities in the tumor microenvironment.NPJ precision oncology · 2026Review
- Ferroptotic tumor cells reprogram tumor-associated macrophage antigen presentation to enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Reprogramming the tumor microenvironment with antibody against membrane-proximal AXL to overcome immune checkpoint blockade resistance.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- The double-edged sword role of tumor-associated macrophages: preventing or causing resistance to immunotherapy.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2026Review
- Exhausted CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Macrophage-centered therapy strategies: A promising weapon in cancer immunotherapy.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2025Review
- State of the art in CAR-based therapy: In vivo CAR production as a revolution in cell-based cancer treatment.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2025Review
- Hydrogels as advanced drug delivery platforms for cancer immunotherapy: promising innovations and future outlook.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- Enhancing tumor immunotherapy with smart nanoparticles for reprogramming macrophages and blocking the CD47/Sirpα pathway.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Exploring neutrophil extracellular traps: mechanisms of immune regulation and future therapeutic potential.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- Article
- FOXP3 as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target in immunogenic cell death modulation for clear cell renal cell carcinoma.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Disruption of tumor-intrinsic PGAM5 increases anti-PD-1 efficacy through the CCL2 signaling pathway.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- New horizons in cancer immunotherapy: The evolving role of R848 and R837 (Review).Molecular and clinical oncology · 2025Review
- Enhancing natural killer cell anti-tumour activity through macrophage manipulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Identification of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide-Related Molecular Subtypes and Development of a Four-Gene Prognostic Risk Model in Cervical Cancer.International journal of women's health · 2025Article
- Transcriptomic Profiling of the Tumor Immune Microenvironment Reveals Prognostic Markers in mCRPC Patients Treated with LuPSMA Therapy.Theranostics · 2025Article
- Tumor-associated macrophages within the immunological milieu: An emerging focal point for therapeutic intervention.Heliyon · 2024Review
28 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive transfer of gene-engineered T cells have emerged as novel therapeutic modalities for hard-to-treat solid tumors; however, many patients are refractory to these immunotherapies, and the mechanisms underlying tumor immune resistance have not been fully elucidated. By comparing the tumor microenvironment of checkpoint inhibition-sensitive and -resistant murine solid tumors, we observed that the resistant tumors had low immunogenicity. We identified antigen presentation by CD11b+F4/80+ tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) as a key factor correlated with immune resistance. In the resistant tumors, TAMs remained inactive and did not exert antigen-presenting activity. Targeted delivery of a long peptide antigen to TAMs by using a nano-sized hydrogel (nanogel) in the presence of a TLR agonist activated TAMs, induced their antigen-presenting activity, and thereby transformed the resistant tumors into tumors sensitive to adaptive immune responses such as adoptive transfer of tumor-specific T cell receptor-engineered T cells. These results indicate that the status and function of TAMs have a significant impact on tumor immune sensitivity and that manipulation of TAM functions would be an effective approach for improving the efficacy of immunotherapies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.