ArticleNutrients2019
Dietary Protein Intake, Protein Energy Wasting, and the Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease: Analysis from the KNOW-CKD Study.
Article in Nutrients, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Protein Intake and Kidney Outcomes in Nondialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Over 15 Years.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Article
- Nutritional Status Evaluation and Intervention in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: Practical Approach.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Low-protein diet for chronic kidney disease: Evidence, controversies, and practical guidelines.Journal of internal medicine · 2025Review
- Review
- Treatment of chronic kidney disease in older populations.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2024Review
- Personalized nutritional management in the transition from non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease to dialysis.Kidney research and clinical practice · 2024Article
- Low-Protein Diets Could Be Effective and Safe in Elderly Patients with Advanced Diabetic Kidney Disease.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Associations of low-carbohydrate with mortality in chronic kidney disease.Renal failure · 2023Article
- Meat intake and risk of mortality and graft failure in kidney transplant recipients.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2021Article
- Association of Body Weight Variability with Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Pre-Dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Predicational ability of phase angle on protein energy wasting in kidney disease patients with renal replacement therapy: A cross-sectional study.Food science & nutrition · 2021Article
- Protein Intake and Human Health: Implications of Units of Protein Intake.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Article
- Nutritional management in patients with chronic kidney disease.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2020Review
- Review
- The KNOW-CKD Study: What we have learned about chronic kidney diseases.Kidney research and clinical practice · 2020Review
- Plant-Dominant Low-Protein Diet for Conservative Management of Chronic Kidney Disease.Nutrients · 2020Review
- Effects of dietary protein intake on renal outcome and mortality in patients with advanced diabetic nephropathy.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2020Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Studies on the effect of dietary protein intake (DPI) on chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression, along with the potential hazard of protein-energy wasting (PEW), are scarce. We evaluated the association between DPI and kidney function both cross-sectionally and longitudinally, particularly emphasizing the role of PEW, in a large-scale, observational, multicenter, prospective study. We enrolled 1572 patients with non-dialysis CKD between 2011 and 2016. CKD progression was defined by a >50% estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decrease, serum creatinine doubling, or dialysis initiation. A Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was conducted. During the mean follow-up period of 41.6 months, CKD progression was observed in 296 patients. Cross-sectionally, increased DPI was significantly associated with increased eGFR. Similarly, increased DPI tertile was significantly associated with increased renal survival in a Kaplan⁻Meier curve analysis. In the multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis, the statistical significance of the DPI tertile group in CKD progression was lost when PEW-related variables were added as covariates. In penalized spline curve analysis, the adjusted odds ratio of PEW significantly increased as DPI decreased. DPI, per se was not a major determinant of CKD progression. An intimate association between reduced DPI and PEW may be a more important predictor of CKD progression than DPI.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.